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//SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

import "./StrategyBlocks.sol";

enum Step {
    TakeFlashloan,
    RepayFlashloan,
    VaultDeposit,
    VaultWithdraw,
    Swap,
    PositionDeposit,
    PositionWithdraw,
    PositionBorrow,
    PositionRepay,
    PositionClose,
    PullFundsWithPermit,
    PullFundsWithPermit2,
    PullPosition,
    Trade,
    VaultDepositNative,
    VaultWithdrawNative,
    SwapFromVault,
    WrapNativeToken,
    UnwrapNativeToken,
    EmitEvent
}

type PositionN is uint256;

PositionN constant POSITION_ONE = PositionN.wrap(1);
PositionN constant POSITION_TWO = PositionN.wrap(2);

struct StepCall {
    Step step;
    bytes data;
}

struct StepResult {
    Step step;
    bytes data;
}

library StackLib {

    struct Stack {
        PositionId position1;
        PositionId position2;
        address repayTo;
    }

    function loadPositionId(Stack memory stack, PositionId positionId, PositionN n) internal pure returns (PositionId) {
        if (positionId.asUint() == 0) {
            positionId = PositionN.unwrap(n) == PositionN.unwrap(POSITION_ONE) ? stack.position1 : stack.position2;
        }
        return positionId;
    }

    function storePositionId(Stack memory stack, PositionId positionId, PositionN n) internal pure returns (Stack memory) {
        if (PositionN.unwrap(n) == PositionN.unwrap(POSITION_ONE)) stack.position1 = positionId;
        else stack.position2 = positionId;
        return stack;
    }

}

contract StrategyBuilder is StrategyBlocks {

    using ERC20Lib for *;
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20Permit;
    using StackLib for StackLib.Stack;

    error InvalidStep(Step step);

    event StragegyExecuted(address indexed user, bytes32 indexed action, PositionId position1, PositionId position2, bytes data);

    constructor(Timelock timelock, IMaestro _maestro, IERC721Permit2 _erc721Permit2, ContangoLens _lens)
        StrategyBlocks(timelock, _maestro, _erc721Permit2, _lens)
    { }

    // ======================== Public functions ========================

    function process(StepCall[] memory steps) external payable returns (StepResult[] memory results) {
        results = process(steps, msg.sender);
    }

    function process(StepCall[] memory steps, address returnPositionsTo) public payable returns (StepResult[] memory results) {
        StackLib.Stack memory stack;
        results = new StepResult[](steps.length);
        address user = msg.sender; // User MUST be msg.sender to enforce that permits can not be used by someone else's
        (, stack, results) = _actionProcessor(steps, 0, stack, user, results);
        _returnPositions(stack.position1, stack.position2, returnPositionsTo);
    }

    function continueActionProcessing(address, address repayTo, address, uint256, uint256, bytes calldata data)
        external
        validFlashloan(data)
        returns (bytes memory result)
    {
        (StepCall[] memory steps, uint256 offset, StackLib.Stack memory stack, address user, StepResult[] memory results) =
            abi.decode(data, (StepCall[], uint256, StackLib.Stack, address, StepResult[]));
        stack.repayTo = repayTo;
        (offset, stack, results) = _actionProcessor(steps, offset, stack, user, results);
        return abi.encode(offset, stack, results);
    }

    // ======================== Internal functions ========================

    function _onPositionReceived(address, address from, uint256, bytes calldata data) internal override {
        StepCall[] memory steps = abi.decode(data, (StepCall[]));
        StepResult[] memory results = new StepResult[](steps.length);
        StackLib.Stack memory stack;
        address user = from; // User MUST be the position owner to enforce that permits can not be used by someone else's
        (, stack, results) = _actionProcessor(steps, 0, stack, user, results);
        _returnPositions(stack.position1, stack.position2, user);
    }

    function _actionProcessor(
        StepCall[] memory steps,
        uint256 offset,
        StackLib.Stack memory stack,
        address user,
        StepResult[] memory results
    ) internal returns (uint256 offset_, StackLib.Stack memory stack_, StepResult[] memory results_) {
        results_ = results;
        stack_ = stack;
        for (offset_ = offset; offset_ < steps.length; offset_++) {
            StepCall memory step = steps[offset_];
            results[offset_].step = step.step;

            if (step.step == Step.VaultDeposit) {
                (IERC20 asset, uint256 amount) = abi.decode(step.data, (IERC20, uint256));
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(_vaultDeposit(asset, amount));
            } else if (step.step == Step.VaultDepositNative) {
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(_vaultDepositNative());
            } else if (step.step == Step.PullFundsWithPermit) {
                (address token, EIP2098Permit memory permit, uint256 amount, address to) =
                    abi.decode(step.data, (address, EIP2098Permit, uint256, address));
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(_pullFundsWithPermit(token, permit, amount, user, to));
            } else if (step.step == Step.PullFundsWithPermit2) {
                (IERC20 token, EIP2098Permit memory permit, uint256 amount, address to) =
                    abi.decode(step.data, (IERC20, EIP2098Permit, uint256, address));
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(_pullFundsWithPermit2(token, permit, amount, user, to));
            } else if (step.step == Step.VaultWithdraw) {
                (IERC20 asset, uint256 amount, address to) = abi.decode(step.data, (IERC20, uint256, address));
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(_vaultWithdraw(asset, amount, to));
            } else if (step.step == Step.VaultWithdrawNative) {
                (uint256 amount, address payable to) = abi.decode(step.data, (uint256, address));
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(_vaultWithdrawNative(amount, to));
            } else if (step.step == Step.WrapNativeToken) {
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(_wrapNativeToken(abi.decode(step.data, (address))));
            } else if (step.step == Step.UnwrapNativeToken) {
                (uint256 amount, address payable to) = abi.decode(step.data, (uint256, address));
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(_unwrapNativeToken(amount, to));
            } else if (step.step == Step.TakeFlashloan) {
                (IERC7399 flashLoanProvider, address asset, uint256 amount) = abi.decode(step.data, (IERC7399, address, uint256));
                (offset_, stack_, results_) = abi.decode(
                    _takeFlashloan(flashLoanProvider, asset, amount, steps, offset_ + 1, stack_, user, results_),
                    (uint256, StackLib.Stack, StepResult[])
                );
            } else if (step.step == Step.RepayFlashloan) {
                (IERC20 asset, uint256 amount) = abi.decode(step.data, (IERC20, uint256));
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(_vaultWithdraw(asset, amount, stack_.repayTo));
            } else if (step.step == Step.PositionDeposit) {
                (PositionId positionId, PositionN n, uint256 amount) = abi.decode(step.data, (PositionId, PositionN, uint256));
                Trade memory trade;
                (positionId, trade) = _positionDeposit(stack_.loadPositionId(positionId, n), amount);
                stack_.storePositionId(positionId, n);
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(positionId, trade);
            } else if (step.step == Step.PositionBorrow) {
                (PositionId positionId, PositionN n, uint256 amount) = abi.decode(step.data, (PositionId, PositionN, uint256));
                Trade memory trade;
                (positionId, trade) = _positionBorrow(stack_.loadPositionId(positionId, n), amount);
                stack_.storePositionId(positionId, n);
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(positionId, trade);
            } else if (step.step == Step.PositionWithdraw) {
                (PositionId positionId, PositionN n, uint256 amount) = abi.decode(step.data, (PositionId, PositionN, uint256));
                Trade memory trade;
                (positionId, trade) = _positionWithdraw(stack_.loadPositionId(positionId, n), amount);
                stack_.storePositionId(positionId, n);
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(positionId, trade);
            } else if (step.step == Step.PositionRepay) {
                (PositionId positionId, PositionN n, uint256 amount) = abi.decode(step.data, (PositionId, PositionN, uint256));
                Trade memory trade;
                (positionId, trade) = _positionRepay(stack_.loadPositionId(positionId, n), amount);
                stack_.storePositionId(positionId, n);
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(positionId, trade);
            } else if (step.step == Step.PositionClose) {
                (PositionId positionId, PositionN n) = abi.decode(step.data, (PositionId, PositionN));
                Trade memory trade;
                (positionId, trade) = _positionClose(stack_.loadPositionId(positionId, n), user);
                stack_.storePositionId(positionId, n);
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(positionId, trade);
            } else if (step.step == Step.Swap) {
                (SwapData memory swapData, IERC20 tokenToSell, IERC20 tokenToBuy, address to) =
                    abi.decode(step.data, (SwapData, IERC20, IERC20, address));
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(_swap(user, swapData, tokenToSell, tokenToBuy, to));
            } else if (step.step == Step.SwapFromVault) {
                (SwapData memory swapData, IERC20 tokenToSell, IERC20 tokenToBuy) = abi.decode(step.data, (SwapData, IERC20, IERC20));
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(_swapFromVault(user, swapData, tokenToSell, tokenToBuy));
            } else if (step.step == Step.Trade) {
                (PositionN n, TradeParams memory tp, ExecutionParams memory ep) =
                    abi.decode(step.data, (PositionN, TradeParams, ExecutionParams));
                (PositionId positionId, Trade memory trade) = _trade(tp, ep);
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(positionId, trade);
                stack_.storePositionId(positionId, n);
            } else if (step.step == Step.PullPosition) {
                results[offset_].data = abi.encode(_pullPosition(abi.decode(step.data, (PositionPermit)), user));
            } else if (step.step == Step.EmitEvent) {
                (bytes32 action, bytes memory data) = abi.decode(step.data, (bytes32, bytes));
                emit StragegyExecuted(user, action, stack_.position1, stack_.position2, data);
            } else {
                revert InvalidStep(step.step);
            }
        }
    }

    function _takeFlashloan(
        IERC7399 flashLoanProvider,
        address asset,
        uint256 amount,
        StepCall[] memory steps,
        uint256 offset,
        StackLib.Stack memory stack,
        address user,
        StepResult[] memory results
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        bytes memory data = abi.encode(steps, offset, stack, user, results);
        flashLoanHash = keccak256(data);
        return flashLoanProvider.flash(address(vault), asset, amount, data, this.continueActionProcessing);
    }

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/AccessControl.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol";

import { IPermit2 } from "../dependencies/Uniswap.sol";
import "@contango/erc721Permit2/interfaces/IERC721Permit2.sol";
import "../moneymarkets/ContangoLens.sol";
import "../interfaces/IMaestro.sol";
import "../libraries/ERC20Lib.sol";
import "./PositionPermit.sol";

interface IStrategyBlocksEvents {

    event BeginStrategy(PositionId indexed positionId, address indexed owner);
    event EndStrategy(PositionId indexed positionId, address indexed owner);
    event SwapExecuted(address indexed trader, IERC20 tokenIn, uint256 amountIn, IERC20 tokenOut, uint256 amountOut);

}

abstract contract StrategyBlocks is IERC721Receiver, IStrategyBlocksEvents, AccessControl {

    using ERC20Lib for *;
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20Permit;
    using Address for address payable;

    error PositionLeftBehind();
    error InvalidCallback();
    error NotNativeToken();
    error NotPositionNFT();

    struct SwapResult {
        address trader;
        IERC20 tokenIn;
        uint256 amountIn;
        IERC20 tokenOut;
        uint256 amountOut;
    }

    uint256 public constant ALL = type(uint256).max;
    uint256 public constant BALANCE = type(uint256).max - 1;

    IContango public immutable contango;
    IVault public immutable vault;
    PositionNFT public immutable positionNFT;
    IERC721Permit2 public immutable erc721Permit2;
    ContangoLens public immutable lens;
    SimpleSpotExecutor public immutable spotExecutor;
    IPermit2 public immutable erc20Permit2;
    IWETH9 public immutable nativeToken;

    bytes32 internal flashLoanHash;

    constructor(Timelock timelock, IMaestro _maestro, IERC721Permit2 _erc721Permit2, ContangoLens _lens) {
        // Grant the admin role to the timelock by default
        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, Timelock.unwrap(timelock));

        contango = _maestro.contango();
        vault = _maestro.vault();
        positionNFT = contango.positionNFT();
        spotExecutor = _maestro.spotExecutor();
        erc721Permit2 = _erc721Permit2;
        lens = _lens;
        erc20Permit2 = _maestro.permit2();
        nativeToken = _maestro.nativeToken();
    }

    // ======================== Public functions ========================

    function onERC721Received(address operator, address from, uint256 tokenId, bytes calldata data) external override returns (bytes4) {
        if (msg.sender != address(positionNFT)) revert NotPositionNFT();

        // When's not a position creation
        if (operator != address(contango)) {
            emit BeginStrategy(fromUint(tokenId), from);
            _onPositionReceived(operator, from, tokenId, data);
            emit EndStrategy(fromUint(tokenId), from);
        }

        return this.onERC721Received.selector;
    }

    // ======================== Modifiers ========================

    modifier validFlashloan(bytes memory data) {
        if (keccak256(data) != flashLoanHash) revert InvalidCallback();
        _;
        delete flashLoanHash;
    }

    // ======================== Internal functions ========================

    function _onPositionReceived(address operator, address from, uint256 tokenId, bytes calldata data) internal virtual;

    function _vaultDeposit(IERC20 asset, uint256 amount) internal returns (uint256 actual) {
        if (amount == ALL) amount = asset.balanceOf(address(vault)) - vault.totalBalanceOf(asset);
        return vault.depositTo(asset, address(this), amount);
    }

    function _vaultDepositNative() internal returns (uint256 actual) {
        return vault.depositNative{ value: msg.value }(address(this));
    }

    function _vaultWithdraw(IERC20 asset, uint256 amount, address to) internal returns (uint256 actual) {
        if (amount == BALANCE) amount = vault.balanceOf(asset, address(this));
        return vault.withdraw(asset, address(this), amount, to);
    }

    function _vaultWithdrawNative(uint256 amount, address payable to) internal returns (uint256 actual) {
        if (amount == BALANCE) amount = vault.balanceOf(nativeToken, address(this));
        return vault.withdrawNative(address(this), amount, to);
    }

    function _positionDeposit(PositionId positionId, uint256 amount) internal returns (PositionId positionId_, Trade memory trade_) {
        if (amount == BALANCE) amount = vault.balanceOf(contango.instrument(positionId.getSymbol()).base, address(this));
        return _trade(_depositParams(positionId, amount));
    }

    function _positionBorrow(PositionId positionId, uint256 amount) internal returns (PositionId positionId_, Trade memory trade_) {
        return _trade(_borrowParams(positionId, amount));
    }

    function _positionWithdraw(PositionId positionId, uint256 amount) internal returns (PositionId positionId_, Trade memory trade_) {
        return _trade(_withdrawParams(positionId, amount));
    }

    function _positionRepay(PositionId positionId, uint256 amount) internal returns (PositionId positionId_, Trade memory trade_) {
        if (amount == ALL) amount = lens.balances(positionId).debt;
        if (amount == BALANCE) amount = vault.balanceOf(contango.instrument(positionId.getSymbol()).quote, address(this));
        return _trade(_repayParams(positionId, amount));
    }

    function _positionClose(PositionId positionId, address owner) internal returns (PositionId positionId_, Trade memory trade_) {
        (positionId_, trade_) = _trade(_closeParams(positionId));
        contango.donatePosition(positionId, owner);
    }

    function _trade(TradeParams memory params, ExecutionParams memory execution)
        internal
        returns (PositionId positionId_, Trade memory trade_)
    {
        return contango.trade(params, execution);
    }

    function _swapFromVault(address user, SwapData memory swapData, IERC20 tokenToSell, IERC20 tokenToBuy)
        internal
        returns (SwapResult memory result)
    {
        vault.withdraw(tokenToSell, address(this), swapData.amountIn, address(spotExecutor));
        result = _swap(user, swapData, tokenToSell, tokenToBuy, address(vault));
        vault.depositTo(tokenToBuy, address(this), result.amountOut);
    }

    function _swap(address user, SwapData memory swapData, IERC20 tokenToSell, IERC20 tokenToBuy, address to)
        internal
        returns (SwapResult memory)
    {
        uint256 amountOut = spotExecutor.executeSwap({
            tokenToSell: tokenToSell,
            tokenToBuy: tokenToBuy,
            amountIn: swapData.amountIn,
            minAmountOut: swapData.minAmountOut,
            spender: swapData.spender,
            router: swapData.router,
            swapBytes: swapData.swapBytes,
            to: to
        });

        emit SwapExecuted(user, tokenToSell, swapData.amountIn, tokenToBuy, amountOut);
        return SwapResult(user, tokenToSell, swapData.amountIn, tokenToBuy, amountOut);
    }

    function _wrapNativeToken(address to) internal returns (uint256) {
        uint256 amount = msg.value;
        nativeToken.deposit{ value: amount }();
        return nativeToken.transferOut(address(this), to, amount);
    }

    function _unwrapNativeToken(uint256 amount, address payable to) internal returns (uint256) {
        if (amount == BALANCE) amount = nativeToken.balanceOf(address(this));
        return nativeToken.transferOutNative(to, amount);
    }

    function _returnPositions(PositionId long, PositionId short, address owner) internal {
        _returnPosition(long, owner);
        _returnPosition(short, owner);
    }

    function _returnPosition(PositionId positionId, address owner) internal {
        if (positionNFT.exists(positionId)) {
            positionNFT.safeTransferFrom(address(this), owner, positionId.asUint());
            emit EndStrategy(positionId, owner);
        }
    }

    function _trade(TradeParams memory params) internal returns (PositionId positionId_, Trade memory trade_) {
        ExecutionParams memory noExecution;
        return _trade(params, noExecution);
    }

    function _borrowParams(PositionId positionId, uint256 amount) internal pure returns (TradeParams memory) {
        return TradeParams({ positionId: positionId, quantity: 0, limitPrice: 0, cashflowCcy: Currency.Quote, cashflow: -int256(amount) });
    }

    function _repayParams(PositionId positionId, uint256 amount) internal pure returns (TradeParams memory) {
        return TradeParams({ positionId: positionId, quantity: 0, limitPrice: 0, cashflowCcy: Currency.Quote, cashflow: int256(amount) });
    }

    function _withdrawParams(PositionId positionId, uint256 amount) internal pure returns (TradeParams memory) {
        int256 iAmount = -int256(amount);
        return TradeParams({ positionId: positionId, quantity: iAmount, limitPrice: 0, cashflowCcy: Currency.Base, cashflow: iAmount });
    }

    function _depositParams(PositionId positionId, uint256 amount) internal pure returns (TradeParams memory) {
        int256 iAmount = int256(amount);
        return TradeParams({ positionId: positionId, quantity: iAmount, limitPrice: 0, cashflowCcy: Currency.Base, cashflow: iAmount });
    }

    function _closeParams(PositionId positionId) internal pure returns (TradeParams memory) {
        return TradeParams({ positionId: positionId, quantity: type(int128).min, limitPrice: 0, cashflowCcy: Currency.Base, cashflow: -1 });
    }

    function _pullPosition(PositionPermit memory permit, address owner) internal returns (PositionId positionId) {
        positionId = permit.positionId;
        uint256 tokenId = positionId.asUint();
        erc721Permit2.permitTransferFrom({
            permit: IERC721Permit2.PermitTransferFrom({
                permitted: IERC721Permit2.TokenPermissions({ token: address(positionNFT), tokenId: tokenId }),
                nonce: uint256(keccak256(abi.encode(owner, positionNFT, positionId, permit.deadline))),
                deadline: permit.deadline
            }),
            transferDetails: IERC721Permit2.SignatureTransferDetails({ to: address(this), tokenId: tokenId }),
            owner: owner,
            signature: abi.encodePacked(permit.r, permit.vs)
        });
    }

    function _pullFundsWithPermit(address token, EIP2098Permit memory permit, uint256 amount, address owner, address to)
        internal
        returns (uint256)
    {
        // Inspired by https://github.com/Uniswap/permit2/blob/main/src/libraries/SignatureVerification.sol
        IERC20Permit(token).safePermit({
            owner: owner,
            spender: address(this),
            value: permit.amount,
            deadline: permit.deadline,
            r: permit.r,
            v: uint8(uint256(permit.vs >> 255)) + 27,
            s: permit.vs & bytes32(uint256(type(int256).max))
        });
        return IERC20(token).transferOut(owner, to, amount);
    }

    function _pullFundsWithPermit2(IERC20 token, EIP2098Permit memory permit, uint256 amount, address owner, address to)
        public
        returns (uint256)
    {
        erc20Permit2.permitTransferFrom({
            permit: IPermit2.PermitTransferFrom({
                permitted: IPermit2.TokenPermissions({ token: address(token), amount: permit.amount }),
                nonce: uint256(keccak256(abi.encode(owner, token, permit.amount, permit.deadline))),
                deadline: permit.deadline
            }),
            transferDetails: IPermit2.SignatureTransferDetails({ to: to, requestedAmount: amount }),
            owner: owner,
            signature: abi.encodePacked(permit.r, permit.vs)
        });
        return amount;
    }

    receive() external payable {
        if (msg.sender != address(nativeToken)) revert NotNativeToken();
    }

    function retrieve(IERC20 token, address to) external onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        token.transferBalance(to);
    }

    function retrieveNative(address payable to) external onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        to.sendValue(address(this).balance);
    }

    function retrieve(PositionId positionId, address to) external onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        positionNFT.safeTransferFrom(address(this), to, positionId.asUint());
    }

    function retrieveFromVault(IERC20 token, address to) external onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        _vaultWithdraw(token, BALANCE, to);
    }

}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title ERC721 token receiver interface
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support safeTransfers
 * from ERC721 asset contracts.
 */
interface IERC721Receiver {
    /**
     * @dev Whenever an {IERC721} `tokenId` token is transferred to this contract via {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}
     * by `operator` from `from`, this function is called.
     *
     * It must return its Solidity selector to confirm the token transfer.
     * If any other value is returned or the interface is not implemented by the recipient, the transfer will be reverted.
     *
     * The selector can be obtained in Solidity with `IERC721Receiver.onERC721Received.selector`.
     */
    function onERC721Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/AccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IAccessControl.sol";
import "../utils/Context.sol";
import "../utils/Strings.sol";
import "../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module that allows children to implement role-based access
 * control mechanisms. This is a lightweight version that doesn't allow enumerating role
 * members except through off-chain means by accessing the contract event logs. Some
 * applications may benefit from on-chain enumerability, for those cases see
 * {AccessControlEnumerable}.
 *
 * Roles are referred to by their `bytes32` identifier. These should be exposed
 * in the external API and be unique. The best way to achieve this is by
 * using `public constant` hash digests:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * bytes32 public constant MY_ROLE = keccak256("MY_ROLE");
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be used to represent a set of permissions. To restrict access to a
 * function call, use {hasRole}:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function foo() public {
 *     require(hasRole(MY_ROLE, msg.sender));
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be granted and revoked dynamically via the {grantRole} and
 * {revokeRole} functions. Each role has an associated admin role, and only
 * accounts that have a role's admin role can call {grantRole} and {revokeRole}.
 *
 * By default, the admin role for all roles is `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, which means
 * that only accounts with this role will be able to grant or revoke other
 * roles. More complex role relationships can be created by using
 * {_setRoleAdmin}.
 *
 * WARNING: The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is also its own admin: it has permission to
 * grant and revoke this role. Extra precautions should be taken to secure
 * accounts that have been granted it. We recommend using {AccessControlDefaultAdminRules}
 * to enforce additional security measures for this role.
 */
abstract contract AccessControl is Context, IAccessControl, ERC165 {
    struct RoleData {
        mapping(address => bool) members;
        bytes32 adminRole;
    }

    mapping(bytes32 => RoleData) private _roles;

    bytes32 public constant DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE = 0x00;

    /**
     * @dev Modifier that checks that an account has a specific role. Reverts
     * with a standardized message including the required role.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     *
     * _Available since v4.1._
     */
    modifier onlyRole(bytes32 role) {
        _checkRole(role);
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControl).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _roles[role].members[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revert with a standard message if `_msgSender()` is missing `role`.
     * Overriding this function changes the behavior of the {onlyRole} modifier.
     *
     * Format of the revert message is described in {_checkRole}.
     *
     * _Available since v4.6._
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role) internal view virtual {
        _checkRole(role, _msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revert with a standard message if `account` is missing `role`.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal view virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            revert(
                string(
                    abi.encodePacked(
                        "AccessControl: account ",
                        Strings.toHexString(account),
                        " is missing role ",
                        Strings.toHexString(uint256(role), 32)
                    )
                )
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) public view virtual override returns (bytes32) {
        return _roles[role].adminRole;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been revoked `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override {
        require(account == _msgSender(), "AccessControl: can only renounce roles for self");

        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event. Note that unlike {grantRole}, this function doesn't perform any
     * checks on the calling account.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     *
     * [WARNING]
     * ====
     * This function should only be called from the constructor when setting
     * up the initial roles for the system.
     *
     * Using this function in any other way is effectively circumventing the admin
     * system imposed by {AccessControl}.
     * ====
     *
     * NOTE: This function is deprecated in favor of {_grantRole}.
     */
    function _setupRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `adminRole` as ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * Emits a {RoleAdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual {
        bytes32 previousAdminRole = getRoleAdmin(role);
        _roles[role].adminRole = adminRole;
        emit RoleAdminChanged(role, previousAdminRole, adminRole);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = true;
            emit RoleGranted(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        if (hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = false;
            emit RoleRevoked(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     *
     * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
     * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
     * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

interface IPermit2 {

    struct TokenPermissions {
        address token;
        uint256 amount;
    }

    struct PermitTransferFrom {
        TokenPermissions permitted;
        uint256 nonce;
        uint256 deadline;
    }

    struct SignatureTransferDetails {
        address to;
        uint256 requestedAmount;
    }

    function permitTransferFrom(
        PermitTransferFrom memory permit,
        SignatureTransferDetails calldata transferDetails,
        address owner,
        bytes calldata signature
    ) external;

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);

}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

// inspired by https://github.com/Uniswap/permit2/blob/main/src/interfaces/ISignatureTransfer.sol

/// @title IERC721Permit2
/// @notice Handles ERC721 token transfers through signature based actions
/// @dev Requires user's token approval on the Permit2 contract
interface IERC721Permit2 {
    /// @notice Thrown when validating an inputted signature that is stale
    /// @param signatureDeadline The timestamp at which a signature is no longer valid
    error SignatureExpired(uint256 signatureDeadline);

    /// @notice Thrown when validating that the inputted nonce has not been used
    error InvalidNonce();

    /// @notice Thrown when the requested tokenId for a transfer is not the permissioned tokenId
    /// @param tokenId The invalid, requested tokenId
    error InvalidTokenId(uint256 tokenId);

    /// @notice Thrown when the number of tokens permissioned to a spender does not match the number of tokens being transferred
    /// @dev If the spender does not need to transfer the number of tokens permitted, the spender can request amount 0 to be transferred
    error LengthMismatch();

    /// @notice Emits an event when the owner successfully invalidates an unordered nonce.
    event UnorderedNonceInvalidation(address indexed owner, uint256 word, uint256 mask);

    /// @notice The token and amount details for a transfer signed in the permit transfer signature
    struct TokenPermissions {
        // ERC721 token address
        address token;
        // the tokenId to be transferred
        uint256 tokenId;
    }

    /// @notice The signed permit message for a single token transfer
    struct PermitTransferFrom {
        TokenPermissions permitted;
        // a unique value for every token owner's signature to prevent signature replays
        uint256 nonce;
        // deadline on the permit signature
        uint256 deadline;
    }

    /// @notice Specifies the recipient address and amount for batched transfers.
    /// @dev Recipient and tokenId correspond to the index of the signed token permissions array.
    /// @dev Reverts if the requested tokenId is not the permissioned tokenId
    struct SignatureTransferDetails {
        // recipient address
        address to;
        // spender requested tokenId
        uint256 tokenId;
    }

    /// @notice Used to reconstruct the signed permit message for multiple token transfers
    /// @dev Do not need to pass in spender address as it is required that it is msg.sender
    /// @dev Note that a user still signs over a spender address
    struct PermitBatchTransferFrom {
        // the tokens and corresponding amounts permitted for a transfer
        TokenPermissions[] permitted;
        // a unique value for every token owner's signature to prevent signature replays
        uint256 nonce;
        // deadline on the permit signature
        uint256 deadline;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);

    /// @notice A map from token owner address and a caller specified word index to a bitmap. Used to set bits in the bitmap to prevent against signature replay protection
    /// @dev Uses unordered nonces so that permit messages do not need to be spent in a certain order
    /// @dev The mapping is indexed first by the token owner, then by an index specified in the nonce
    /// @dev It returns a uint256 bitmap
    /// @dev The index, or wordPosition is capped at type(uint248).max
    function nonceBitmap(address, uint256) external view returns (uint256);

    /// @notice Transfers a token using a signed permit message
    /// @dev Reverts if the requested amount is greater than the permitted signed amount
    /// @param permit The permit data signed over by the owner
    /// @param owner The owner of the tokens to transfer
    /// @param transferDetails The spender's requested transfer details for the permitted token
    /// @param signature The signature to verify
    function permitTransferFrom(
        PermitTransferFrom memory permit,
        SignatureTransferDetails calldata transferDetails,
        address owner,
        bytes calldata signature
    ) external;

    /// @notice Transfers multiple tokens using a signed permit message
    /// @param permit The permit data signed over by the owner
    /// @param owner The owner of the tokens to transfer
    /// @param transferDetails Specifies the recipient and requested amount for the token transfer
    /// @param signature The signature to verify
    function permitTransferFrom(
        PermitBatchTransferFrom memory permit,
        SignatureTransferDetails[] calldata transferDetails,
        address owner,
        bytes calldata signature
    ) external;

    /// @notice Invalidates the bits specified in mask for the bitmap at the word position
    /// @dev The wordPos is maxed at type(uint248).max
    /// @param wordPos A number to index the nonceBitmap at
    /// @param mask A bitmap masked against msg.sender's current bitmap at the word position
    function invalidateUnorderedNonces(uint256 wordPos, uint256 mask) external;
}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/AccessControlUpgradeable.sol";

import "../interfaces/IContango.sol";
import "../interfaces/IContangoOracle.sol";
import "./interfaces/IFlashBorrowProvider.sol";
import "./interfaces/IMoneyMarketView.sol";

contract ContangoLens is AccessControlUpgradeable, UUPSUpgradeable, IContangoOracle {

    event MoneyMarketViewRegistered(MoneyMarketId indexed mm, IMoneyMarketView indexed moneyMarketView);

    error CallFailed(address target, bytes4 selector);
    error InvalidMoneyMarket(MoneyMarketId mm);

    struct BorrowingLending {
        uint256 borrowing;
        uint256 lending;
    }

    struct TokenMetadata {
        string name;
        string symbol;
        uint8 decimals;
        uint256 unit;
    }

    struct MetaData {
        Instrument instrument;
        Balances balances;
        Balances balancesUSD;
        Prices prices;
        Prices pricesUSD;
        uint256 ltv;
        uint256 liquidationThreshold;
        BorrowingLending rates;
        BorrowingLending liquidity;
        Reward[] borrowingRewards;
        Reward[] lendingRewards;
        bytes irmRaw;
        AvailableActions[] availableActions;
        Limits limits;
        uint256 fee;
        bool supportsFlashBorrow;
        TokenMetadata baseToken;
        TokenMetadata quoteToken;
    }

    IContango public immutable contango;
    PositionNFT public immutable positionNFT;
    mapping(MoneyMarketId mmId => IMoneyMarketView mmv) public moneyMarketViews;

    constructor(IContango _contango) {
        contango = _contango;
        positionNFT = _contango.positionNFT();
    }

    function initialize(Timelock timelock) public initializer {
        __AccessControl_init_unchained();
        __UUPSUpgradeable_init_unchained();
        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, Timelock.unwrap(timelock));
    }

    function setMoneyMarketView(IMoneyMarketView immv) public onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        MoneyMarketId mm = immv.moneyMarketId();
        moneyMarketViews[mm] = immv;
        emit MoneyMarketViewRegistered(mm, immv);
    }

    function moneyMarketId(PositionId positionId) public view returns (MoneyMarketId) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).moneyMarketId();
    }

    function moneyMarketId(MoneyMarketId mmId) public view returns (MoneyMarketId) {
        return moneyMarketView(mmId).moneyMarketId();
    }

    function moneyMarketName(PositionId positionId) public view returns (string memory) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).moneyMarketName();
    }

    function moneyMarketName(MoneyMarketId mmId) public view returns (string memory) {
        return moneyMarketView(mmId).moneyMarketName();
    }

    function balances(PositionId positionId) public returns (Balances memory balances_) {
        return positionNFT.exists(positionId) ? moneyMarketView(positionId).balances(positionId) : balances_;
    }

    function prices(PositionId positionId) public view returns (Prices memory prices_) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).prices(positionId);
    }

    function balancesUSD(PositionId positionId) public returns (Balances memory balancesUSD_) {
        return positionNFT.exists(positionId) ? moneyMarketView(positionId).balancesUSD(positionId) : balancesUSD_;
    }

    function priceInNativeToken(PositionId positionId, IERC20 asset) public view returns (uint256 price_) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).priceInNativeToken(asset);
    }

    function priceInNativeToken(MoneyMarketId mmId, IERC20 asset) public view returns (uint256 price_) {
        return moneyMarketView(mmId).priceInNativeToken(asset);
    }

    function priceInUSD(PositionId positionId, IERC20 asset) public view returns (uint256 price_) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).priceInUSD(asset);
    }

    function priceInUSD(MoneyMarketId mmId, IERC20 asset) public view returns (uint256 price_) {
        return moneyMarketView(mmId).priceInUSD(asset);
    }

    function baseQuoteRate(PositionId positionId) public view returns (uint256) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).baseQuoteRate(positionId);
    }

    function thresholds(PositionId positionId) public view returns (uint256 ltv, uint256 liquidationThreshold) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).thresholds(positionId);
    }

    function liquidity(PositionId positionId) public view returns (uint256 borrowing, uint256 lending) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).liquidity(positionId);
    }

    function rates(PositionId positionId) public view returns (uint256 borrowing, uint256 lending) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).rates(positionId);
    }

    function irmRaw(PositionId positionId) external view returns (bytes memory data) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).irmRaw(positionId);
    }

    function rewards(PositionId positionId) public returns (Reward[] memory borrowing, Reward[] memory lending) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).rewards(positionId);
    }

    function availableActions(PositionId positionId) external returns (AvailableActions[] memory available) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).availableActions(positionId);
    }

    function limits(PositionId positionId) external view returns (Limits memory limits_) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId).limits(positionId);
    }

    function moneyMarketView(PositionId positionId) public view returns (IMoneyMarketView moneyMarketView_) {
        return moneyMarketView(positionId.getMoneyMarket());
    }

    function moneyMarketView(MoneyMarketId mmId) public view returns (IMoneyMarketView moneyMarketView_) {
        moneyMarketView_ = moneyMarketViews[mmId];
        if (address(moneyMarketView_) == address(0)) revert InvalidMoneyMarket(mmId);
    }

    function leverage(PositionId positionId) public returns (uint256 leverage_) {
        if (!positionNFT.exists(positionId)) return 0;

        Instrument memory instrument = contango.instrument(positionId.getSymbol());

        Balances memory _balances = balances(positionId);
        Prices memory _prices = prices(positionId);
        uint256 collateralValue = _balances.collateral * _prices.collateral / instrument.baseUnit;
        uint256 debtValue = _balances.debt * _prices.debt / instrument.quoteUnit;

        leverage_ = collateralValue * WAD / (collateralValue - debtValue);
    }

    function netRate(PositionId positionId) public returns (int256 netRate_) {
        if (!positionNFT.exists(positionId)) return 0;

        (uint256 borrowing, uint256 lending) = rates(positionId);
        netRate_ = int256(lending) - int256(borrowing * WAD / leverage(positionId));
    }

    function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation) internal override onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) { }

    function metaData(PositionId positionId) external returns (MetaData memory metaData_) {
        Instrument memory instrument = contango.instrument(positionId.getSymbol());
        IMoneyMarketView mmv = moneyMarketView(positionId);
        metaData_.instrument = instrument;
        if (positionNFT.exists(positionId)) {
            metaData_.balances = mmv.balances(positionId);
            metaData_.balancesUSD = mmv.balancesUSD(positionId);
        }
        metaData_.prices = mmv.prices(positionId);
        metaData_.pricesUSD.collateral = mmv.priceInUSD(instrument.base);
        metaData_.pricesUSD.debt = mmv.priceInUSD(instrument.quote);
        metaData_.pricesUSD.unit = WAD;
        (metaData_.ltv, metaData_.liquidationThreshold) = mmv.thresholds(positionId);
        (metaData_.rates.borrowing, metaData_.rates.lending) = mmv.rates(positionId);
        (metaData_.liquidity.borrowing, metaData_.liquidity.lending) = mmv.liquidity(positionId);
        (metaData_.borrowingRewards, metaData_.lendingRewards) = mmv.rewards(positionId);
        metaData_.irmRaw = mmv.irmRaw(positionId);
        metaData_.availableActions = mmv.availableActions(positionId);
        metaData_.limits = mmv.limits(positionId);
        metaData_.fee = contango.feeManager().feeModel().calculateFee(address(0), positionId, WAD);
        metaData_.supportsFlashBorrow =
            contango.positionFactory().moneyMarket(positionId.getMoneyMarket()).supportsInterface(type(IFlashBorrowProvider).interfaceId);
        metaData_.baseToken = _tokenMetadata(instrument.base);
        metaData_.quoteToken = _tokenMetadata(instrument.quote);
    }

    function _tokenMetadata(IERC20 token) internal view returns (TokenMetadata memory tokenMetadata_) {
        tokenMetadata_.name = _tryString(token, token.name);
        tokenMetadata_.symbol = _tryString(token, token.symbol);
        tokenMetadata_.decimals = token.decimals();
        tokenMetadata_.unit = 10 ** tokenMetadata_.decimals;
    }

    function _tryString(IERC20 token, function () external view returns (string memory) f) private view returns (string memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory result) = address(token).staticcall(abi.encodeWithSelector(f.selector));
        if (!success) revert CallFailed(address(token), f.selector);
        return result.length > 32 ? abi.decode(result, (string)) : bytes32ToString(abi.decode(result, (bytes32)));
    }

    function bytes32ToString(bytes32 _bytes32) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        uint8 i = 0;
        while (i < 32 && _bytes32[i] != 0) i++;
        bytes memory bytesArray = new bytes(i);
        for (i = 0; i < 32 && _bytes32[i] != 0; i++) {
            bytesArray[i] = _bytes32[i];
        }
        return string(bytesArray);
    }

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import { IERC20Metadata as IERC20 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";

import "../libraries/DataTypes.sol";
import "../interfaces/IOrderManager.sol";
import "../utils/SimpleSpotExecutor.sol";
import { IPermit2 } from "../dependencies/Uniswap.sol";

struct LinkedOrderParams {
    uint128 limitPrice; // in quote currency
    uint128 tolerance; // 0.003e4 = 0.3%
    Currency cashflowCcy;
    uint32 deadline;
    OrderType orderType;
}

struct EIP2098Permit {
    uint256 amount;
    uint256 deadline;
    bytes32 r;
    bytes32 vs;
}

struct SwapData {
    address router;
    address spender;
    uint256 amountIn;
    uint256 minAmountOut;
    bytes swapBytes;
}

interface IMaestro is IContangoErrors, IOrderManagerErrors, IVaultErrors {

    error InvalidCashflow();
    error InsufficientPermitAmount(uint256 required, uint256 actual);
    error MismatchingPositionId(OrderId orderId1, OrderId orderId2);
    error NotNativeToken(IERC20 token);

    function contango() external view returns (IContango);
    function orderManager() external view returns (IOrderManager);
    function vault() external view returns (IVault);
    function positionNFT() external view returns (PositionNFT);
    function nativeToken() external view returns (IWETH9);
    function spotExecutor() external view returns (SimpleSpotExecutor);
    function permit2() external view returns (IPermit2);

    // =================== Funding primitives ===================

    function deposit(IERC20 token, uint256 amount) external payable returns (uint256);

    function depositNative() external payable returns (uint256);

    function depositWithPermit(IERC20Permit token, EIP2098Permit calldata permit, uint256 amount) external payable returns (uint256);

    function depositWithPermit2(IERC20 token, EIP2098Permit calldata permit, uint256 amount) external payable returns (uint256);

    function withdraw(IERC20 token, uint256 amount, address to) external payable returns (uint256);

    function withdrawNative(uint256 amount, address to) external payable returns (uint256);

    // =================== Trading actions ===================

    function trade(TradeParams calldata tradeParams, ExecutionParams calldata execParams)
        external
        payable
        returns (PositionId, Trade memory);

    function depositAndTrade(TradeParams calldata tradeParams, ExecutionParams calldata execParams)
        external
        payable
        returns (PositionId, Trade memory);

    function depositAndTradeWithPermit(TradeParams calldata tradeParams, ExecutionParams calldata execParams, EIP2098Permit calldata permit)
        external
        payable
        returns (PositionId, Trade memory);

    function tradeAndWithdraw(TradeParams calldata tradeParams, ExecutionParams calldata execParams, address to)
        external
        payable
        returns (PositionId positionId, Trade memory trade_, uint256 amount);

    function tradeAndWithdrawNative(TradeParams calldata tradeParams, ExecutionParams calldata execParams, address to)
        external
        payable
        returns (PositionId positionId, Trade memory trade_, uint256 amount);

    function swapAndDeposit(IERC20 tokenToSell, IERC20 tokenToDeposit, SwapData calldata swapData) external payable returns (uint256);

    function swapAndDepositNative(IERC20 tokenToDeposit, SwapData calldata swapData) external payable returns (uint256);

    function swapAndDepositWithPermit(IERC20 tokenToSell, IERC20 tokenToDeposit, SwapData calldata swapData, EIP2098Permit calldata permit)
        external
        payable
        returns (uint256);

    function swapAndDepositWithPermit2(IERC20 tokenToSell, IERC20 tokenToDeposit, SwapData calldata swapData, EIP2098Permit calldata permit)
        external
        payable
        returns (uint256);

    function tradeAndLinkedOrder(
        TradeParams calldata tradeParams,
        ExecutionParams calldata execParams,
        LinkedOrderParams memory linkedOrderParams
    ) external payable returns (PositionId positionId, Trade memory trade_, OrderId linkedOrderId);

    function tradeAndLinkedOrders(
        TradeParams calldata tradeParams,
        ExecutionParams calldata execParams,
        LinkedOrderParams memory linkedOrderParams1,
        LinkedOrderParams memory linkedOrderParams2
    ) external payable returns (PositionId positionId, Trade memory trade_, OrderId linkedOrderId1, OrderId linkedOrderId2);

    function depositTradeAndLinkedOrder(
        TradeParams calldata tradeParams,
        ExecutionParams calldata execParams,
        LinkedOrderParams memory linkedOrderParams
    ) external payable returns (PositionId positionId, Trade memory trade_, OrderId linkedOrderId);

    function depositTradeAndLinkedOrderWithPermit(
        TradeParams calldata tradeParams,
        ExecutionParams calldata execParams,
        LinkedOrderParams memory linkedOrderParams,
        EIP2098Permit calldata permit
    ) external payable returns (PositionId positionId, Trade memory trade_, OrderId linkedOrderId);

    function depositTradeAndLinkedOrders(
        TradeParams calldata tradeParams,
        ExecutionParams calldata execParams,
        LinkedOrderParams memory linkedOrderParams1,
        LinkedOrderParams memory linkedOrderParams2
    ) external payable returns (PositionId positionId, Trade memory trade_, OrderId linkedOrderId1, OrderId linkedOrderId2);

    function depositTradeAndLinkedOrdersWithPermit(
        TradeParams calldata tradeParams,
        ExecutionParams calldata execParams,
        LinkedOrderParams memory linkedOrderParams1,
        LinkedOrderParams memory linkedOrderParams2,
        EIP2098Permit calldata permit
    ) external payable returns (PositionId positionId, Trade memory trade_, OrderId linkedOrderId1, OrderId linkedOrderId2);

    function place(OrderParams memory params) external payable returns (OrderId orderId);

    function placeLinkedOrder(PositionId positionId, LinkedOrderParams memory params) external payable returns (OrderId orderId);

    function placeLinkedOrders(
        PositionId positionId,
        LinkedOrderParams memory linkedOrderParams1,
        LinkedOrderParams memory linkedOrderParams2
    ) external payable returns (OrderId linkedOrderId1, OrderId linkedOrderId2);

    function depositAndPlace(OrderParams memory params) external payable returns (OrderId orderId);

    function depositAndPlaceWithPermit(OrderParams memory params, EIP2098Permit calldata permit)
        external
        payable
        returns (OrderId orderId);

    function cancel(OrderId orderId) external payable;

    function cancel(OrderId orderId1, OrderId orderId2) external payable;

    function cancelReplaceLinkedOrder(OrderId cancelOrderId, LinkedOrderParams memory newLinkedOrderParams)
        external
        payable
        returns (OrderId newLinkedOrderId);

    function cancelReplaceLinkedOrders(
        OrderId cancelOrderId1,
        OrderId cancelOrderId2,
        LinkedOrderParams memory newLinkedOrderParams1,
        LinkedOrderParams memory newLinkedOrderParams2
    ) external payable returns (OrderId newLinkedOrderId1, OrderId newLinkedOrderId2);

    function cancelAndWithdraw(OrderId orderId, address to) external payable returns (uint256);

    function cancelAndWithdrawNative(OrderId orderId, address to) external payable returns (uint256);

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

import { SafeERC20 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import "../dependencies/IWETH9.sol";

library ERC20Lib {

    using Address for address payable;
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
    using SafeCast for *;

    error ZeroPayer();
    error ZeroDestination();

    function transferOutNative(IWETH9 token, address payable to, uint256 amount) internal returns (uint256 amountTransferred) {
        if (to == address(0)) revert ZeroDestination();
        if (amount == 0) return amount;

        token.withdraw(amount);
        to.sendValue(amount);

        return amount;
    }

    function transferOut(IERC20 token, address payer, address to, uint256 amount) internal returns (uint256 amountTransferred) {
        if (payer == address(0)) revert ZeroPayer();
        if (to == address(0)) revert ZeroDestination();
        if (payer == to || amount == 0) return amount;

        return _transferOut(token, payer, to, amount);
    }

    function _transferOut(IERC20 token, address payer, address to, uint256 amount) internal returns (uint256 amountTransferred) {
        payer == address(this) ? token.safeTransfer(to, amount) : token.safeTransferFrom(payer, to, amount);
        return amount;
    }

    function transferBalance(IERC20 token, address to) internal returns (uint256 balance) {
        balance = myBalance(token);
        if (balance > 0) transferOut(token, address(this), to, balance);
    }

    function myBalance(IERC20 token) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return token.balanceOf(address(this));
    }

    function myBalanceI(IERC20 token) internal view returns (int256) {
        return myBalance(token).toInt256();
    }

    function approveIfNecessary(IERC20 asset, address spender) internal {
        if (asset.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0) asset.forceApprove(spender, type(uint256).max);
    }

    function unit(IERC20 token) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return 10 ** token.decimals();
    }

    function infiniteApproval(IERC20 token, address addr) internal {
        token.forceApprove(addr, type(uint256).max);
    }

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

import "../libraries/DataTypes.sol";

struct PositionPermit {
    PositionId positionId;
    uint256 deadline;
    bytes32 r;
    bytes32 vs;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole`
     *
     * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite
     * {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted signaling this.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call, an admin role
     * bearer except when using {AccessControl-_setupRole}.
     */
    event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call:
     *   - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer
     *   - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`)
     */
    event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./math/Math.sol";
import "./math/SignedMath.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), _SYMBOLS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string(abi.encodePacked(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMath.abs(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
     */
    function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../interfaces/draft-IERC1822Upgradeable.sol";
import "../ERC1967/ERC1967UpgradeUpgradeable.sol";
import "./Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev An upgradeability mechanism designed for UUPS proxies. The functions included here can perform an upgrade of an
 * {ERC1967Proxy}, when this contract is set as the implementation behind such a proxy.
 *
 * A security mechanism ensures that an upgrade does not turn off upgradeability accidentally, although this risk is
 * reinstated if the upgrade retains upgradeability but removes the security mechanism, e.g. by replacing
 * `UUPSUpgradeable` with a custom implementation of upgrades.
 *
 * The {_authorizeUpgrade} function must be overridden to include access restriction to the upgrade mechanism.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
abstract contract UUPSUpgradeable is Initializable, IERC1822ProxiableUpgradeable, ERC1967UpgradeUpgradeable {
    function __UUPSUpgradeable_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __UUPSUpgradeable_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable state-variable-assignment
    address private immutable __self = address(this);

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is being performed through a delegatecall call and that the execution context is
     * a proxy contract with an implementation (as defined in ERC1967) pointing to self. This should only be the case
     * for UUPS and transparent proxies that are using the current contract as their implementation. Execution of a
     * function through ERC1167 minimal proxies (clones) would not normally pass this test, but is not guaranteed to
     * fail.
     */
    modifier onlyProxy() {
        require(address(this) != __self, "Function must be called through delegatecall");
        require(_getImplementation() == __self, "Function must be called through active proxy");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is not being performed through a delegate call. This allows a function to be
     * callable on the implementing contract but not through proxies.
     */
    modifier notDelegated() {
        require(address(this) == __self, "UUPSUpgradeable: must not be called through delegatecall");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Implementation of the ERC1822 {proxiableUUID} function. This returns the storage slot used by the
     * implementation. It is used to validate the implementation's compatibility when performing an upgrade.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy. This is guaranteed by the `notDelegated` modifier.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view virtual override notDelegated returns (bytes32) {
        return _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`.
     *
     * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     *
     * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable delegatecall
     */
    function upgradeTo(address newImplementation) public virtual onlyProxy {
        _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
        _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(newImplementation, new bytes(0), false);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`, and subsequently execute the function call
     * encoded in `data`.
     *
     * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     *
     * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable delegatecall
     */
    function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data) public payable virtual onlyProxy {
        _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
        _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(newImplementation, data, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Function that should revert when `msg.sender` is not authorized to upgrade the contract. Called by
     * {upgradeTo} and {upgradeToAndCall}.
     *
     * Normally, this function will use an xref:access.adoc[access control] modifier such as {Ownable-onlyOwner}.
     *
     * ```solidity
     * function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal override onlyOwner {}
     * ```
     */
    function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation) internal virtual;

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/AccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IAccessControlUpgradeable.sol";
import "../utils/ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import "../utils/StringsUpgradeable.sol";
import "../utils/introspection/ERC165Upgradeable.sol";
import "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module that allows children to implement role-based access
 * control mechanisms. This is a lightweight version that doesn't allow enumerating role
 * members except through off-chain means by accessing the contract event logs. Some
 * applications may benefit from on-chain enumerability, for those cases see
 * {AccessControlEnumerable}.
 *
 * Roles are referred to by their `bytes32` identifier. These should be exposed
 * in the external API and be unique. The best way to achieve this is by
 * using `public constant` hash digests:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * bytes32 public constant MY_ROLE = keccak256("MY_ROLE");
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be used to represent a set of permissions. To restrict access to a
 * function call, use {hasRole}:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function foo() public {
 *     require(hasRole(MY_ROLE, msg.sender));
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be granted and revoked dynamically via the {grantRole} and
 * {revokeRole} functions. Each role has an associated admin role, and only
 * accounts that have a role's admin role can call {grantRole} and {revokeRole}.
 *
 * By default, the admin role for all roles is `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, which means
 * that only accounts with this role will be able to grant or revoke other
 * roles. More complex role relationships can be created by using
 * {_setRoleAdmin}.
 *
 * WARNING: The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is also its own admin: it has permission to
 * grant and revoke this role. Extra precautions should be taken to secure
 * accounts that have been granted it. We recommend using {AccessControlDefaultAdminRules}
 * to enforce additional security measures for this role.
 */
abstract contract AccessControlUpgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable, IAccessControlUpgradeable, ERC165Upgradeable {
    function __AccessControl_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __AccessControl_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    struct RoleData {
        mapping(address => bool) members;
        bytes32 adminRole;
    }

    mapping(bytes32 => RoleData) private _roles;

    bytes32 public constant DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE = 0x00;

    /**
     * @dev Modifier that checks that an account has a specific role. Reverts
     * with a standardized message including the required role.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     *
     * _Available since v4.1._
     */
    modifier onlyRole(bytes32 role) {
        _checkRole(role);
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControlUpgradeable).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _roles[role].members[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revert with a standard message if `_msgSender()` is missing `role`.
     * Overriding this function changes the behavior of the {onlyRole} modifier.
     *
     * Format of the revert message is described in {_checkRole}.
     *
     * _Available since v4.6._
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role) internal view virtual {
        _checkRole(role, _msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revert with a standard message if `account` is missing `role`.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal view virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            revert(
                string(
                    abi.encodePacked(
                        "AccessControl: account ",
                        StringsUpgradeable.toHexString(account),
                        " is missing role ",
                        StringsUpgradeable.toHexString(uint256(role), 32)
                    )
                )
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) public view virtual override returns (bytes32) {
        return _roles[role].adminRole;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been revoked `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override {
        require(account == _msgSender(), "AccessControl: can only renounce roles for self");

        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event. Note that unlike {grantRole}, this function doesn't perform any
     * checks on the calling account.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     *
     * [WARNING]
     * ====
     * This function should only be called from the constructor when setting
     * up the initial roles for the system.
     *
     * Using this function in any other way is effectively circumventing the admin
     * system imposed by {AccessControl}.
     * ====
     *
     * NOTE: This function is deprecated in favor of {_grantRole}.
     */
    function _setupRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `adminRole` as ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * Emits a {RoleAdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual {
        bytes32 previousAdminRole = getRoleAdmin(role);
        _roles[role].adminRole = adminRole;
        emit RoleAdminChanged(role, previousAdminRole, adminRole);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = true;
            emit RoleGranted(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        if (hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = false;
            emit RoleRevoked(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[49] private __gap;
}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import "erc7399/IERC7399.sol";

import "../core/PositionNFT.sol";
import "../interfaces/IContango.sol";
import "../interfaces/IFeeManager.sol";
import "../interfaces/IVault.sol";
import "../libraries/DataTypes.sol";
import "../moneymarkets/interfaces/IUnderlyingPositionFactory.sol";

struct SwapInfo {
    Currency inputCcy;
    int256 input;
    int256 output;
    uint256 price; // in quote currency
}

struct Trade {
    int256 quantity;
    SwapInfo swap;
    Currency cashflowCcy;
    int256 cashflow; // negative when removing from position, positive otherwise
    uint256 fee;
    Currency feeCcy;
    uint256 forwardPrice;
}

struct TradeParams {
    PositionId positionId; // existing position or a new one when coded with number 0 (see ../libraries/DataTypes.sol and test/Encoder.sol)
    int256 quantity;
    uint256 limitPrice; // in quote currency
    Currency cashflowCcy;
    int256 cashflow;
}

struct ExecutionParams {
    address spender;
    address router;
    uint256 swapAmount;
    bytes swapBytes;
    IERC7399 flashLoanProvider;
}

struct Instrument {
    IERC20 base;
    uint256 baseUnit; // e.g. WETH: 1e18
    IERC20 quote;
    uint256 quoteUnit; // e.g. USDC: 1e6
    bool closingOnly;
}

interface IContangoEvents {

    event PositionUpserted(
        PositionId indexed positionId,
        address indexed owner,
        address indexed tradedBy,
        Currency cashflowCcy,
        int256 cashflow,
        int256 quantityDelta,
        uint256 price,
        uint256 fee,
        Currency feeCcy
    );

    event ClosingOnlySet(Symbol indexed symbol, bool closingOnly);
    event InstrumentCreated(Symbol indexed symbol, IERC20 base, IERC20 quote);
    event MoneyMarketRegistered(MoneyMarketId indexed id, IMoneyMarket moneyMarket);
    event PositionDonated(PositionId indexed positionId, address indexed from, address indexed to);
    event RewardsClaimed(PositionId indexed positionId, address indexed to);

}

interface IContangoErrors {

    error CashflowCcyRequired(); // 0x2bed762a
    error ClosingOnly(); // 0x1dacbd6f
    error InsufficientBaseOnOpen(uint256 expected, int256 actual); // 0x49cb41d9
    error InsufficientBaseCashflow(int256 expected, int256 actual); // 0x0ef42287
    error InstrumentAlreadyExists(Symbol symbol); // 0x6170624c
    error InvalidInstrument(Symbol symbol); // 0x2d5bccd2
    error NotFlashBorrowProvider(address msgSender); // 0x50459441
    error OnlyFullClosureAllowedAfterExpiry(); // 0x62a73c9a
    error PriceAboveLimit(uint256 limit, uint256 actual); // 0x6120c45f
    error PriceBelowLimit(uint256 limit, uint256 actual); // 0x756cfc28
    error UnexpectedCallback(); // 0xdab1e993
    error InvalidCashflowCcy(); // 0x2c6ff311
    error UnexpectedTrade(); // 0xf1a9b64c

}

interface IContango is IContangoEvents, IContangoErrors {

    function trade(TradeParams calldata tradeParams, ExecutionParams calldata execParams)
        external
        payable
        returns (PositionId positionId, Trade memory trade);

    function tradeOnBehalfOf(TradeParams calldata tradeParams, ExecutionParams calldata execParams, address onBehalfOf)
        external
        payable
        returns (PositionId positionId, Trade memory trade);

    function claimRewards(PositionId positionId, address to) external;

    function donatePosition(PositionId positionId, address to) external;

    // ======== View ========

    function positionFactory() external view returns (IUnderlyingPositionFactory);
    function instrument(Symbol symbol) external view returns (Instrument memory);
    function positionNFT() external view returns (PositionNFT);
    function vault() external view returns (IVault);
    function feeManager() external view returns (IFeeManager);

    // ======== Admin ========

    function createInstrument(Symbol symbol, IERC20 base, IERC20 quote) external;
    function setClosingOnly(Symbol symbol, bool closingOnly) external;
    function pause() external;
    function unpause() external;

    // ======== Callbacks ========

    function completeClose(address initiator, address repayTo, address asset, uint256 amount, uint256 fee, bytes calldata params)
        external
        returns (bytes memory result);

    function completeOpenFromFlashLoan(
        address initiator,
        address repayTo,
        address asset,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 fee,
        bytes calldata params
    ) external returns (bytes memory result);

    function completeOpenFromFlashBorrow(IERC20 asset, uint256 amountOwed, bytes calldata params) external returns (bytes memory result);

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import { IERC20Metadata as IERC20 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "../libraries/DataTypes.sol";

interface IContangoOracle {

    function priceInNativeToken(PositionId positionId, IERC20 asset) external view returns (uint256 price_);

    function priceInNativeToken(MoneyMarketId mmId, IERC20 asset) external view returns (uint256 price_);

    function priceInUSD(PositionId positionId, IERC20 asset) external view returns (uint256 price_);

    function priceInUSD(MoneyMarketId mmId, IERC20 asset) external view returns (uint256 price_);

    function baseQuoteRate(PositionId positionId) external view returns (uint256);

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import { IERC20Metadata as IERC20 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";

interface IFlashBorrowProvider {

    error InvalidSenderOrInitiator();

    /// @dev Requests a flash borrow.
    /// @param asset The address of the asset to flash-borrow
    /// @param amount The amount to flash-borrow
    /// @param params Bytes parameters to be passed to the callback
    /// @param callback The callback function to be called after the flash loan
    /// @return result The result of the callback
    function flashBorrow(
        IERC20 asset,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata params,
        /// @dev callback
        /// @param asset Borrowed asset
        /// @param amountOwed The amount to be paid for the flash loan borrowed
        /// @param params The params forwarded to the callback
        /// @return result ABI encoded result of the callback
        function(IERC20, uint256, bytes memory) external returns (bytes memory) callback
    ) external returns (bytes memory result);

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import { IERC20Metadata as IERC20 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";

import "../../libraries/DataTypes.sol";

struct Balances {
    uint256 collateral;
    uint256 debt;
}

struct Prices {
    uint256 collateral;
    uint256 debt;
    uint256 unit;
}

struct TokenData {
    IERC20 token;
    string name;
    string symbol;
    uint8 decimals;
    uint256 unit;
}

struct Reward {
    TokenData token;
    uint256 rate;
    uint256 claimable;
    uint256 usdPrice;
}

enum AvailableActions {
    Lend,
    Withdraw,
    Borrow,
    Repay
}

struct Limits {
    uint256 minBorrowing;
    uint256 maxBorrowing;
    uint256 minBorrowingForRewards;
    uint256 minLending;
    uint256 maxLending;
    uint256 minLendingForRewards;
}

interface IMoneyMarketView {

    error UnsupportedAsset(IERC20 asset);

    function moneyMarketId() external view returns (MoneyMarketId);

    function moneyMarketName() external view returns (string memory);

    function balances(PositionId positionId) external returns (Balances memory balances_);

    function balancesUSD(PositionId positionId) external returns (Balances memory balances_);

    function prices(PositionId positionId) external view returns (Prices memory prices_);

    function baseQuoteRate(PositionId positionId) external view returns (uint256);

    function priceInNativeToken(IERC20 asset) external view returns (uint256 price_);

    function priceInUSD(IERC20 asset) external view returns (uint256 price_);

    function thresholds(PositionId positionId) external view returns (uint256 ltv, uint256 liquidationThreshold);

    function liquidity(PositionId positionId) external view returns (uint256 borrowing, uint256 lending);

    function rates(PositionId positionId) external view returns (uint256 borrowing, uint256 lending);

    function irmRaw(PositionId positionId) external view returns (bytes memory data);

    function rewards(PositionId positionId) external returns (Reward[] memory borrowing, Reward[] memory lending);

    function availableActions(PositionId positionId) external returns (AvailableActions[] memory available);

    function limits(PositionId positionId) external view returns (Limits memory limits_);

}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

import "./extensions/PositionIdExt.sol";

uint256 constant WAD = 1e18;
uint256 constant RAY = 1e27;
uint256 constant PERCENTAGE_UNIT = 1e4;
uint256 constant ONE_HUNDRED_PERCENT = 1e4;

enum Currency {
    None,
    Base,
    Quote
}

type Symbol is bytes16;

type Payload is bytes5;

type PositionId is bytes32;

using {
    decode,
    getSymbol,
    getNumber,
    getMoneyMarket,
    getExpiry,
    isPerp,
    isExpired,
    withNumber,
    getFlags,
    getPayload,
    asUint
} for PositionId global;

type OrderId is bytes32;

type MoneyMarketId is uint8;

type Timelock is address;

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import "../libraries/DataTypes.sol";
import "./IContango.sol";
import "./IContangoOracle.sol";

enum OrderType {
    Limit,
    TakeProfit,
    StopLoss
}

struct OrderParams {
    PositionId positionId;
    int128 quantity;
    uint128 limitPrice; // in quote currency
    uint256 tolerance; // 0.003e4 = 0.3%
    int128 cashflow;
    Currency cashflowCcy;
    uint32 deadline;
    OrderType orderType;
}

struct Order {
    address owner;
    PositionId positionId;
    int256 quantity;
    uint256 limitPrice;
    uint256 tolerance;
    int256 cashflow;
    Currency cashflowCcy;
    uint256 deadline;
    OrderType orderType;
}

interface IOrderManagerEvents {

    event OrderPlaced(
        OrderId indexed orderId,
        PositionId indexed positionId,
        address indexed owner,
        int256 quantity,
        uint256 limitPrice,
        uint256 tolerance,
        int256 cashflow,
        Currency cashflowCcy,
        uint256 deadline,
        OrderType orderType,
        address placedBy
    );

    event OrderCancelled(OrderId indexed orderId);
    event OrderExecuted(OrderId indexed orderId, PositionId indexed positionId, uint256 keeperReward);

    event GasMultiplierSet(uint256 gasMultiplier);
    event GasTipSet(uint256 gasTip);
    event OracleSet(IContangoOracle oracle);

}

interface IOrderManagerErrors {

    error AboveMaxGasMultiplier(uint64 gasMultiplier); // 0x64d79f87
    error BelowMinGasMultiplier(uint64 gasMultiplier); // 0x7f732d9b
    error InvalidDeadline(uint256 deadline, uint256 blockTimestamp); // 0x8848019e
    error InvalidOrderType(OrderType orderType); // 0xf2bc1bb6
    error InvalidPrice(uint256 forwardPrice, uint256 limitPrice); // 0xaf608abb
    error InvalidQuantity(); // 0x524f409b
    error InvalidTolerance(uint256 tolerance); // 0x7ca28bcf
    error OrderDoesNotExist(OrderId orderId); // 0xbd8da02b
    error OrderAlreadyExists(OrderId orderId); // 0x086371d3
    error OrderExpired(OrderId orderId, uint256 deadline, uint256 blockTimestamp); // 0xc8105aba
    error OrderInvalidated(OrderId orderId); // 0xd10aebae
    error PositionDoesNotExist(PositionId positionId); // 0x80cc2277

}

interface IOrderManager is IOrderManagerEvents, IOrderManagerErrors, IContangoErrors {

    function placeOnBehalfOf(OrderParams calldata params, address onBehalfOf) external returns (OrderId orderId);

    function place(OrderParams calldata params) external returns (OrderId orderId);

    function cancel(OrderId orderId) external;

    function execute(OrderId orderId, ExecutionParams calldata execParams)
        external
        payable
        returns (PositionId positionId_, Trade memory trade_, uint256 keeperReward_);

    // ======== View ========

    function orders(OrderId orderId) external view returns (Order memory order);
    function hasOrder(OrderId orderId) external view returns (bool);
    function nativeToken() external view returns (IWETH9);
    function positionNFT() external view returns (PositionNFT);

    // ======== Admin ========

    function setGasMultiplier(uint64 gasMultiplier) external;
    function setGasTip(uint64 gasTip) external;
    function setOracle(IContangoOracle _oracle) external;

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

import "../libraries/ERC20Lib.sol";

interface SimpleSpotExecutorEvents {

    event SwapExecuted(IERC20 indexed tokenToSell, IERC20 indexed tokenToBuy, uint256 amountIn, uint256 amountOut);

}

interface SimpleSpotExecutorErrors {

    error InsufficientAmountOut(uint256 minExpected, uint256 actual);

}

contract SimpleSpotExecutor is SimpleSpotExecutorEvents, SimpleSpotExecutorErrors {

    function executeSwap(
        IERC20 tokenToSell,
        IERC20 tokenToBuy,
        address spender,
        uint256 amountIn,
        uint256 minAmountOut,
        address router,
        bytes calldata swapBytes,
        address to
    ) external returns (uint256 output) {
        SafeERC20.forceApprove(tokenToSell, spender, amountIn);
        Address.functionCall(router, swapBytes);

        output = ERC20Lib.transferBalance(tokenToBuy, to);
        if (output < minAmountOut) revert InsufficientAmountOut(minAmountOut, output);

        emit SwapExecuted(tokenToSell, tokenToBuy, amountIn, output);
    }

}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.3) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";
import "../extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";
import "../../../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from the calling contract to `to`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from `from` to `to`, spending the approval given by `from` to the
     * calling contract. If `token` returns no value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
     * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
     *
     * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
     * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
     */
    function safeApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
        // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
        // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
        require(
            (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
            "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
        );
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Increase the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeIncreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, oldAllowance + value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decrease the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeDecreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, oldAllowance - value));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Set the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` to `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. Meant to be used with tokens that require the approval
     * to be set to zero before setting it to a non-zero value, such as USDT.
     */
    function forceApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        bytes memory approvalCall = abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value);

        if (!_callOptionalReturnBool(token, approvalCall)) {
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, 0));
            _callOptionalReturn(token, approvalCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Use a ERC-2612 signature to set the `owner` approval toward `spender` on `token`.
     * Revert on invalid signature.
     */
    function safePermit(
        IERC20Permit token,
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal {
        uint256 nonceBefore = token.nonces(owner);
        token.permit(owner, spender, value, deadline, v, r, s);
        uint256 nonceAfter = token.nonces(owner);
        require(nonceAfter == nonceBefore + 1, "SafeERC20: permit did not succeed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address-functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
        require(returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     *
     * This is a variant of {_callOptionalReturn} that silents catches all reverts and returns a bool instead.
     */
    function _callOptionalReturnBool(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private returns (bool) {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We cannot use {Address-functionCall} here since this should return false
        // and not revert is the subcall reverts.

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(token).call(data);
        return
            success && (returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) && Address.isContract(address(token));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/SafeCast.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/SafeCast.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's uintXX/intXX casting operators with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Downcasting from uint256/int256 in Solidity does not revert on overflow. This can
 * easily result in undesired exploitation or bugs, since developers usually
 * assume that overflows raise errors. `SafeCast` restores this intuition by
 * reverting the transaction when such an operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 *
 * Can be combined with {SafeMath} and {SignedSafeMath} to extend it to smaller types, by performing
 * all math on `uint256` and `int256` and then downcasting.
 */
library SafeCast {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint248 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint248(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint248) {
        require(value <= type(uint248).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 248 bits");
        return uint248(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint240 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint240(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint240) {
        require(value <= type(uint240).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 240 bits");
        return uint240(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint232 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint232(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint232) {
        require(value <= type(uint232).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 232 bits");
        return uint232(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint224 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function toUint224(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint224) {
        require(value <= type(uint224).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 224 bits");
        return uint224(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint216 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint216(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint216) {
        require(value <= type(uint216).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 216 bits");
        return uint216(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint208 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint208(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint208) {
        require(value <= type(uint208).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 208 bits");
        return uint208(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint200 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint200(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint200) {
        require(value <= type(uint200).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 200 bits");
        return uint200(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint192 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint192(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        require(value <= type(uint192).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 192 bits");
        return uint192(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint184 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint184(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint184) {
        require(value <= type(uint184).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 184 bits");
        return uint184(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint176 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint176(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint176) {
        require(value <= type(uint176).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 176 bits");
        return uint176(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint168 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint168(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint168) {
        require(value <= type(uint168).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 168 bits");
        return uint168(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint160 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint160(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint160) {
        require(value <= type(uint160).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 160 bits");
        return uint160(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint152 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint152(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint152) {
        require(value <= type(uint152).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 152 bits");
        return uint152(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint144 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint144(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint144) {
        require(value <= type(uint144).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 144 bits");
        return uint144(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint136 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint136(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint136) {
        require(value <= type(uint136).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 136 bits");
        return uint136(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint128 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint128(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint128) {
        require(value <= type(uint128).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 128 bits");
        return uint128(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint120 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint120(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint120) {
        require(value <= type(uint120).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 120 bits");
        return uint120(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint112 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint112(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint112) {
        require(value <= type(uint112).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 112 bits");
        return uint112(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint104 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint104(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint104) {
        require(value <= type(uint104).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 104 bits");
        return uint104(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint96 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function toUint96(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint96) {
        require(value <= type(uint96).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 96 bits");
        return uint96(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint88 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint88(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint88) {
        require(value <= type(uint88).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 88 bits");
        return uint88(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint80 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint80(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint80) {
        require(value <= type(uint80).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 80 bits");
        return uint80(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint72 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint72(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint72) {
        require(value <= type(uint72).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 72 bits");
        return uint72(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint64 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint64(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint64) {
        require(value <= type(uint64).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 64 bits");
        return uint64(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint56 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint56(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint56) {
        require(value <= type(uint56).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 56 bits");
        return uint56(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint48 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint48(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint48) {
        require(value <= type(uint48).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 48 bits");
        return uint48(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint40 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint40(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint40) {
        require(value <= type(uint40).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 40 bits");
        return uint40(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint32 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint32(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        require(value <= type(uint32).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 32 bits");
        return uint32(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint24 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toUint24(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint24) {
        require(value <= type(uint24).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 24 bits");
        return uint24(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint16 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint16(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint16) {
        require(value <= type(uint16).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 16 bits");
        return uint16(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint8 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     *
     * _Available since v2.5._
     */
    function toUint8(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        require(value <= type(uint8).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 8 bits");
        return uint8(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a signed int256 into an unsigned uint256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be greater than or equal to 0.
     *
     * _Available since v3.0._
     */
    function toUint256(int256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(value >= 0, "SafeCast: value must be positive");
        return uint256(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int248 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int248 or
     * greater than largest int248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt248(int256 value) internal pure returns (int248 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int248(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 248 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int240 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int240 or
     * greater than largest int240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt240(int256 value) internal pure returns (int240 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int240(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 240 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int232 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int232 or
     * greater than largest int232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt232(int256 value) internal pure returns (int232 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int232(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 232 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int224 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int224 or
     * greater than largest int224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt224(int256 value) internal pure returns (int224 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int224(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 224 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int216 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int216 or
     * greater than largest int216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt216(int256 value) internal pure returns (int216 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int216(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 216 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int208 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int208 or
     * greater than largest int208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt208(int256 value) internal pure returns (int208 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int208(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 208 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int200 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int200 or
     * greater than largest int200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt200(int256 value) internal pure returns (int200 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int200(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 200 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int192 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int192 or
     * greater than largest int192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt192(int256 value) internal pure returns (int192 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int192(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 192 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int184 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int184 or
     * greater than largest int184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt184(int256 value) internal pure returns (int184 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int184(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 184 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int176 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int176 or
     * greater than largest int176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt176(int256 value) internal pure returns (int176 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int176(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 176 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int168 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int168 or
     * greater than largest int168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt168(int256 value) internal pure returns (int168 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int168(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 168 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int160 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int160 or
     * greater than largest int160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt160(int256 value) internal pure returns (int160 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int160(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 160 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int152 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int152 or
     * greater than largest int152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt152(int256 value) internal pure returns (int152 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int152(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 152 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int144 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int144 or
     * greater than largest int144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt144(int256 value) internal pure returns (int144 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int144(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 144 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int136 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int136 or
     * greater than largest int136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt136(int256 value) internal pure returns (int136 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int136(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 136 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int128 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int128 or
     * greater than largest int128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt128(int256 value) internal pure returns (int128 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int128(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 128 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int120 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int120 or
     * greater than largest int120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt120(int256 value) internal pure returns (int120 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int120(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 120 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int112 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int112 or
     * greater than largest int112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt112(int256 value) internal pure returns (int112 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int112(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 112 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int104 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int104 or
     * greater than largest int104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt104(int256 value) internal pure returns (int104 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int104(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 104 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int96 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int96 or
     * greater than largest int96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt96(int256 value) internal pure returns (int96 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int96(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 96 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int88 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int88 or
     * greater than largest int88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt88(int256 value) internal pure returns (int88 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int88(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 88 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int80 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int80 or
     * greater than largest int80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt80(int256 value) internal pure returns (int80 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int80(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 80 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int72 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int72 or
     * greater than largest int72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt72(int256 value) internal pure returns (int72 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int72(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 72 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int64 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int64 or
     * greater than largest int64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt64(int256 value) internal pure returns (int64 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int64(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 64 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int56 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int56 or
     * greater than largest int56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt56(int256 value) internal pure returns (int56 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int56(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 56 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int48 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int48 or
     * greater than largest int48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt48(int256 value) internal pure returns (int48 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int48(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 48 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int40 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int40 or
     * greater than largest int40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt40(int256 value) internal pure returns (int40 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int40(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 40 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int32 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int32 or
     * greater than largest int32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt32(int256 value) internal pure returns (int32 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int32(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 32 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int24 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int24 or
     * greater than largest int24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function toInt24(int256 value) internal pure returns (int24 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int24(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 24 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int16 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int16 or
     * greater than largest int16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt16(int256 value) internal pure returns (int16 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int16(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 16 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int8 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int8 or
     * greater than largest int8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function toInt8(int256 value) internal pure returns (int8 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int8(value);
        require(downcasted == value, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 8 bits");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an unsigned uint256 into a signed int256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be less than or equal to maxInt256.
     *
     * _Available since v3.0._
     */
    function toInt256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Note: Unsafe cast below is okay because `type(int256).max` is guaranteed to be positive
        require(value <= uint256(type(int256).max), "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in an int256");
        return int256(value);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

import { IERC20Metadata as IERC20 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";

interface IWETH9 is IERC20 {

    function deposit() external payable;

    function withdraw(uint256 wad) external;

}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    enum Rounding {
        Down, // Toward negative infinity
        Up, // Toward infinity
        Zero // Toward zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
     * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod0 := mul(x, y)
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            require(denominator > prod1, "Math: mulDiv overflow");

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
            // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
            // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library SignedMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
     * The result is rounded towards zero.
     */
    function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
        int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
        return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
     */
    function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // must be unchecked in order to support `n = type(int256).min`
            return uint256(n >= 0 ? n : -n);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
 * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
 */
interface IERC1822ProxiableUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
     * address.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;

import "../beacon/IBeaconUpgradeable.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IERC1967Upgradeable.sol";
import "../../interfaces/draft-IERC1822Upgradeable.sol";
import "../../utils/AddressUpgradeable.sol";
import "../../utils/StorageSlotUpgradeable.sol";
import "../utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
abstract contract ERC1967UpgradeUpgradeable is Initializable, IERC1967Upgradeable {
    function __ERC1967Upgrade_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __ERC1967Upgrade_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
    bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
     */
    function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
        require(AddressUpgradeable.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
        StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
        _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            AddressUpgradeable.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with security checks for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(address newImplementation, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        // Upgrades from old implementations will perform a rollback test. This test requires the new
        // implementation to upgrade back to the old, non-ERC1822 compliant, implementation. Removing
        // this special case will break upgrade paths from old UUPS implementation to new ones.
        if (StorageSlotUpgradeable.getBooleanSlot(_ROLLBACK_SLOT).value) {
            _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        } else {
            try IERC1822ProxiableUpgradeable(newImplementation).proxiableUUID() returns (bytes32 slot) {
                require(slot == _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT, "ERC1967Upgrade: unsupported proxiableUUID");
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1967Upgrade: new implementation is not UUPS");
            }
            _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, forceCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the admin of the contract.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1, and is
     * validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _ADMIN_SLOT = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current admin.
     */
    function _getAdmin() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 admin slot.
     */
    function _setAdmin(address newAdmin) private {
        require(newAdmin != address(0), "ERC1967: new admin is the zero address");
        StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
     *
     * Emits an {AdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _changeAdmin(address newAdmin) internal {
        emit AdminChanged(_getAdmin(), newAdmin);
        _setAdmin(newAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The storage slot of the UpgradeableBeacon contract which defines the implementation for this proxy.
     * This is bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.beacon')) - 1)) and is validated in the constructor.
     */
    bytes32 internal constant _BEACON_SLOT = 0xa3f0ad74e5423aebfd80d3ef4346578335a9a72aeaee59ff6cb3582b35133d50;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current beacon.
     */
    function _getBeacon() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new beacon in the EIP1967 beacon slot.
     */
    function _setBeacon(address newBeacon) private {
        require(AddressUpgradeable.isContract(newBeacon), "ERC1967: new beacon is not a contract");
        require(
            AddressUpgradeable.isContract(IBeaconUpgradeable(newBeacon).implementation()),
            "ERC1967: beacon implementation is not a contract"
        );
        StorageSlotUpgradeable.getAddressSlot(_BEACON_SLOT).value = newBeacon;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Perform beacon upgrade with additional setup call. Note: This upgrades the address of the beacon, it does
     * not upgrade the implementation contained in the beacon (see {UpgradeableBeacon-_setImplementation} for that).
     *
     * Emits a {BeaconUpgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeBeaconToAndCall(address newBeacon, bytes memory data, bool forceCall) internal {
        _setBeacon(newBeacon);
        emit BeaconUpgraded(newBeacon);
        if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
            AddressUpgradeable.functionDelegateCall(IBeaconUpgradeable(newBeacon).implementation(), data);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;

import "../../utils/AddressUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
 * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
 * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
 *
 * For example:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```solidity
 * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
 *     function initialize() initializer public {
 *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
 *     }
 * }
 *
 * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
 *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
 *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
 * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() {
 *     _disableInitializers();
 * }
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
     * @custom:oz-retyped-from bool
     */
    uint8 private _initialized;

    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
     */
    bool private _initializing;

    /**
     * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
     */
    event Initialized(uint8 version);

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
     * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * Similar to `reinitializer(1)`, except that functions marked with `initializer` can be nested in the context of a
     * constructor.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
        require(
            (isTopLevelCall && _initialized < 1) || (!AddressUpgradeable.isContract(address(this)) && _initialized == 1),
            "Initializable: contract is already initialized"
        );
        _initialized = 1;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = true;
        }
        _;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = false;
            emit Initialized(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
     * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
     * used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * A reinitializer may be used after the original initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that
     * are added through upgrades and that require initialization.
     *
     * When `version` is 1, this modifier is similar to `initializer`, except that functions marked with `reinitializer`
     * cannot be nested. If one is invoked in the context of another, execution will revert.
     *
     * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
     * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
     *
     * WARNING: setting the version to 255 will prevent any future reinitialization.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier reinitializer(uint8 version) {
        require(!_initializing && _initialized < version, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");
        _initialized = version;
        _initializing = true;
        _;
        _initializing = false;
        emit Initialized(version);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
     * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
     * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
     * through proxies.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event the first time it is successfully executed.
     */
    function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
        require(!_initializing, "Initializable: contract is initializing");
        if (_initialized != type(uint8).max) {
            _initialized = type(uint8).max;
            emit Initialized(type(uint8).max);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the highest version that has been initialized. See {reinitializer}.
     */
    function _getInitializedVersion() internal view returns (uint8) {
        return _initialized;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if the contract is currently initializing. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _isInitializing() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _initializing;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControlUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole`
     *
     * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite
     * {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted signaling this.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call, an admin role
     * bearer except when using {AccessControl-_setupRole}.
     */
    event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call:
     *   - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer
     *   - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`)
     */
    event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract ContextUpgradeable is Initializable {
    function __Context_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __Context_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./math/MathUpgradeable.sol";
import "./math/SignedMathUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library StringsUpgradeable {
    bytes16 private constant _SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = MathUpgradeable.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), _SYMBOLS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string(abi.encodePacked(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMathUpgradeable.abs(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, MathUpgradeable.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
     */
    function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165Upgradeable.sol";
import "../../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165Upgradeable is Initializable, IERC165Upgradeable {
    function __ERC165_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __ERC165_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165Upgradeable).interfaceId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0
pragma solidity >=0.6.4;

/// @dev Specification for flash lenders compatible with ERC-7399
interface IERC7399 {
    /// @dev The amount of currency available to be lent.
    /// @param asset The loan currency.
    /// @return The amount of `asset` that can be borrowed.
    function maxFlashLoan(address asset) external view returns (uint256);

    /// @dev The fee to be charged for a given loan.
    /// @param asset The loan currency.
    /// @param amount The amount of assets lent.
    /// @return The amount of `asset` to be charged for the loan, on top of the returned principal.
    function flashFee(address asset, uint256 amount) external view returns (uint256);

    /// @dev Initiate a flash loan.
    /// @param loanReceiver The address receiving the flash loan
    /// @param asset The asset to be loaned
    /// @param amount The amount to loaned
    /// @param data The ABI encoded user data
    /// @param callback The address and signature of the callback function
    /// @return result ABI encoded result of the callback
    function flash(
        address loanReceiver,
        address asset,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata data,
        /// @dev callback. This is a combination of the callback receiver address, and the signature of callback
        /// function. It is encoded packed as 20 bytes + 4 bytes.
        /// @dev the return of the callback function is not encoded in the parameter, but must be `returns (bytes
        /// memory)` for compliance with the standard.
        /// @param initiator The address that called this function
        /// @param paymentReceiver The address that needs to receive the amount plus fee at the end of the callback
        /// @param asset The asset to be loaned
        /// @param amount The amount to loaned
        /// @param fee The fee to be paid
        /// @param data The ABI encoded data to be passed to the callback
        /// @return result ABI encoded result of the callback
        function(address, address, address, uint256, uint256, bytes memory) external returns (bytes memory) callback
    ) external returns (bytes memory);
}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/AccessControl.sol";
import "../libraries/DataTypes.sol";
import "../libraries/Errors.sol";
import "../libraries/Roles.sol";

/// @title PositionNFT
/// @notice An ERC721 NFT that represents ownership of each position created through the protocol
/// @dev Instances can only be minted by other contango contracts
contract PositionNFT is ERC721, AccessControl {

    event ContangoContractSet(address indexed contractAddr, bool indexed enabled);

    uint256 public counter = 1;
    mapping(address contractAddr => bool enabled) public contangoContracts;

    constructor(Timelock timelock) ERC721("Contango Position", "CTGP") {
        // Grant the admin role to the timelock by default
        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, Timelock.unwrap(timelock));
    }

    /// @notice creates a new position in the protocol by minting a new NFT instance
    /// @param positionId positionId of the new position without the number component set
    /// @param to The would be owner of the newly minted position
    /// @return positionId_ The newly created positionId
    function mint(PositionId positionId, address to) external onlyRole(MINTER_ROLE) returns (PositionId positionId_) {
        positionId_ = positionId.withNumber(counter++);
        _safeMint(to, uint256(PositionId.unwrap(positionId_)));
    }

    /// @notice closes a position in the protocol by burning the NFT instance
    /// @param positionId positionId of the closed position
    function burn(PositionId positionId) external onlyRole(MINTER_ROLE) {
        _burn(uint256(PositionId.unwrap(positionId)));
    }

    function positionOwner(PositionId positionId) public view returns (address) {
        return ownerOf(uint256(PositionId.unwrap(positionId)));
    }

    function exists(PositionId positionId) external view returns (bool) {
        return _exists(uint256(PositionId.unwrap(positionId)));
    }

    function setContangoContract(address contractAddr, bool enabled) external onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        contangoContracts[contractAddr] = enabled;
        emit ContangoContractSet(contractAddr, enabled);
    }

    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view override returns (bool) {
        return owner == operator || contangoContracts[operator] || super.isApprovedForAll(owner, operator);
    }

    /// @inheritdoc ERC721
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(AccessControl, ERC721) returns (bool) {
        return super.supportsInterface(interfaceId) || AccessControl.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import "../libraries/DataTypes.sol";
import "./IFeeModel.sol";
import "./IReferralManager.sol";

interface IFeeManagerEvents {

    event FeePaid(
        PositionId indexed positionId,
        address indexed trader,
        address indexed referrer,
        uint256 referrerAmount,
        uint256 traderRebate,
        uint256 protocolFee,
        Currency feeCcy
    );

}

interface IFeeManager is IFeeManagerEvents {

    function feeModel() external view returns (IFeeModel);
    function referralManager() external view returns (IReferralManager);

    /// @notice Applies fees for a given trade. Assumes necessary funds are approved by msg.sender
    /// @param trader The trade trader
    /// @param positionId The trade position id
    /// @param quantity The trade quantity
    /// @return fee Amount of fees paid
    /// @return feeCcy Currency of fee paid
    function applyFee(address trader, PositionId positionId, uint256 quantity) external returns (uint256 fee, Currency feeCcy);

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import { IERC20Metadata as IERC20 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "../dependencies/IWETH9.sol";

interface IVaultErrors {

    error ZeroAmount();
    error UnsupportedToken(IERC20 token);
    error NotEnoughBalance(IERC20 token, uint256 balance, uint256 requested);

}

interface IVault is IVaultErrors {

    function nativeToken() external view returns (IWETH9);

    function isTokenSupported(IERC20 token) external view returns (bool);

    function setTokenSupport(IERC20 token, bool isSupported) external;

    function balanceOf(IERC20 token, address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    function totalBalanceOf(IERC20 token) external view returns (uint256);

    function deposit(IERC20 token, address account, uint256 amount) external returns (uint256);

    function depositTo(IERC20 token, address account, uint256 amount) external returns (uint256);

    function depositNative(address account) external payable returns (uint256);

    function withdraw(IERC20 token, address account, uint256 amount, address to) external returns (uint256);

    function withdrawNative(address account, uint256 amount, address to) external returns (uint256);

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import "./IMoneyMarket.sol";

interface IUnderlyingPositionFactoryEvents {

    event UnderlyingPositionCreated(address indexed account, PositionId indexed positionId);
    event MoneyMarketRegistered(MoneyMarketId indexed mm, IMoneyMarket indexed moneyMarket);

}

interface IUnderlyingPositionFactory is IUnderlyingPositionFactoryEvents {

    function registerMoneyMarket(IMoneyMarket imm) external;

    function createUnderlyingPosition(PositionId) external returns (IMoneyMarket);

    /// @return plain IMoneyMarket implementation without any position context
    function moneyMarket(MoneyMarketId) external view returns (IMoneyMarket);

    /// @return position context loaded IMoneyMarket
    function moneyMarket(PositionId) external view returns (IMoneyMarket);

}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

import "../DataTypes.sol";

error InvalidUInt48(uint256 n);
error InvalidUInt32(uint256 n);
error InvalidExpiry();
error InvalidPositionId();

//                                 { 5B: Payload  }
//  16B   -      1B      -   4B   -  1B   -  4B   -  6B
// symbol - money market - expiry - flags - empty - number

function decode(PositionId positionId) pure returns (Symbol symbol, MoneyMarketId mm, uint32 expiry, uint256 number) {
    bytes32 raw = PositionId.unwrap(positionId);
    symbol = Symbol.wrap(bytes16(raw));
    mm = MoneyMarketId.wrap(uint8(uint256(raw >> 120)));
    expiry = (uint32(uint256(raw >> 88)));
    number = uint48(uint256(raw));
}

function getSymbol(PositionId positionId) pure returns (Symbol) {
    return Symbol.wrap(bytes16(PositionId.unwrap(positionId)));
}

function getNumber(PositionId positionId) pure returns (uint256) {
    return uint48(uint256(PositionId.unwrap(positionId)));
}

function getMoneyMarket(PositionId positionId) pure returns (MoneyMarketId) {
    return MoneyMarketId.wrap(uint8(uint256(PositionId.unwrap(positionId) >> 120)));
}

function getExpiry(PositionId positionId) pure returns (uint32) {
    return (uint32(uint256(PositionId.unwrap(positionId) >> 88)));
}

function isPerp(PositionId positionId) pure returns (bool) {
    return getExpiry(positionId) == type(uint32).max;
}

function isExpired(PositionId positionId) view returns (bool) {
    return block.timestamp >= getExpiry(positionId);
}

function withNumber(PositionId positionId, uint256 number) pure returns (PositionId) {
    if (uint48(number) != number) revert InvalidUInt48(number);
    if (getNumber(positionId) != 0) revert InvalidPositionId();
    return PositionId.wrap(bytes32(uint256(PositionId.unwrap(positionId)) + number));
}

function getFlags(PositionId positionId) pure returns (bytes1) {
    return bytes1(PositionId.unwrap(positionId) << 168);
}

function getPayload(PositionId positionId) pure returns (Payload) {
    return Payload.wrap(bytes5(PositionId.unwrap(positionId) << 168));
}

function asUint(PositionId positionId) pure returns (uint256) {
    return uint256(PositionId.unwrap(positionId));
}

function fromUint(uint256 n) pure returns (PositionId) {
    return PositionId.wrap(bytes32(n));
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/beacon/IBeacon.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev This is the interface that {BeaconProxy} expects of its beacon.
 */
interface IBeaconUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Must return an address that can be used as a delegate call target.
     *
     * {BeaconProxy} will check that this address is a contract.
     */
    function implementation() external view returns (address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1967.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev ERC-1967: Proxy Storage Slots. This interface contains the events defined in the ERC.
 *
 * _Available since v4.8.3._
 */
interface IERC1967Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
     */
    event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the beacon is changed.
     */
    event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library AddressUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     *
     * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
     * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
     * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/StorageSlot.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/StorageSlot.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
 *
 * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
 * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
 *
 * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
 *
 * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
 * ```solidity
 * contract ERC1967 {
 *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
 *
 *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
 *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
 *     }
 *
 *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
 *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
 *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, `uint256`._
 * _Available since v4.9 for `string`, `bytes`._
 */
library StorageSlotUpgradeable {
    struct AddressSlot {
        address value;
    }

    struct BooleanSlot {
        bool value;
    }

    struct Bytes32Slot {
        bytes32 value;
    }

    struct Uint256Slot {
        uint256 value;
    }

    struct StringSlot {
        string value;
    }

    struct BytesSlot {
        bytes value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` representation of the string storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(string storage store) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` representation of the bytes storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes storage store) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library MathUpgradeable {
    enum Rounding {
        Down, // Toward negative infinity
        Up, // Toward infinity
        Zero // Toward zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
     * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod0 := mul(x, y)
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            require(denominator > prod1, "Math: mulDiv overflow");

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
            // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
            // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library SignedMathUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
     * The result is rounded towards zero.
     */
    function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
        int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
        return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
     */
    function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // must be unchecked in order to support `n = type(int256).min`
            return uint256(n >= 0 ? n : -n);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC721/ERC721.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC721.sol";
import "./IERC721Receiver.sol";
import "./extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol";
import "../../utils/Address.sol";
import "../../utils/Context.sol";
import "../../utils/Strings.sol";
import "../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721[ERC721] Non-Fungible Token Standard, including
 * the Metadata extension, but not including the Enumerable extension, which is available separately as
 * {ERC721Enumerable}.
 */
contract ERC721 is Context, ERC165, IERC721, IERC721Metadata {
    using Address for address;
    using Strings for uint256;

    // Token name
    string private _name;

    // Token symbol
    string private _symbol;

    // Mapping from token ID to owner address
    mapping(uint256 => address) private _owners;

    // Mapping owner address to token count
    mapping(address => uint256) private _balances;

    // Mapping from token ID to approved address
    mapping(uint256 => address) private _tokenApprovals;

    // Mapping from owner to operator approvals
    mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract by setting a `name` and a `symbol` to the token collection.
     */
    constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return
            interfaceId == type(IERC721).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(IERC721Metadata).interfaceId ||
            super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: address zero is not a valid owner");
        return _balances[owner];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-ownerOf}.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {
        address owner = _ownerOf(tokenId);
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: invalid token ID");
        return owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-name}.
     */
    function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-symbol}.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-tokenURI}.
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        _requireMinted(tokenId);

        string memory baseURI = _baseURI();
        return bytes(baseURI).length > 0 ? string(abi.encodePacked(baseURI, tokenId.toString())) : "";
    }

    /**
     * @dev Base URI for computing {tokenURI}. If set, the resulting URI for each
     * token will be the concatenation of the `baseURI` and the `tokenId`. Empty
     * by default, can be overridden in child contracts.
     */
    function _baseURI() internal view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return "";
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-approve}.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual override {
        address owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);
        require(to != owner, "ERC721: approval to current owner");

        require(
            _msgSender() == owner || isApprovedForAll(owner, _msgSender()),
            "ERC721: approve caller is not token owner or approved for all"
        );

        _approve(to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-getApproved}.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {
        _requireMinted(tokenId);

        return _tokenApprovals[tokenId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {
        _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-isApprovedForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-transferFrom}.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual override {
        //solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: caller is not token owner or approved");

        _transfer(from, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual override {
        safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data) public virtual override {
        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: caller is not token owner or approved");
        _safeTransfer(from, to, tokenId, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
     * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
     *
     * `data` is additional data, it has no specified format and it is sent in call to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {safeTransferFrom}, and can be used to e.g.
     * implement alternative mechanisms to perform token transfer, such as signature-based.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _safeTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data) internal virtual {
        _transfer(from, to, tokenId);
        require(_checkOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, data), "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId`. Does NOT revert if token doesn't exist
     */
    function _ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owners[tokenId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether `tokenId` exists.
     *
     * Tokens can be managed by their owner or approved accounts via {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Tokens start existing when they are minted (`_mint`),
     * and stop existing when they are burned (`_burn`).
     */
    function _exists(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _ownerOf(tokenId) != address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether `spender` is allowed to manage `tokenId`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function _isApprovedOrOwner(address spender, uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);
        return (spender == owner || isApprovedForAll(owner, spender) || getApproved(tokenId) == spender);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must not exist.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        _safeMint(to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-ERC721-_safeMint-address-uint256-}[`_safeMint`], with an additional `data` parameter which is
     * forwarded in {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} to contract recipients.
     */
    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data) internal virtual {
        _mint(to, tokenId);
        require(
            _checkOnERC721Received(address(0), to, tokenId, data),
            "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer"
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {_safeMint} whenever possible
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must not exist.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _mint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: mint to the zero address");
        require(!_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: token already minted");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), to, tokenId, 1);

        // Check that tokenId was not minted by `_beforeTokenTransfer` hook
        require(!_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: token already minted");

        unchecked {
            // Will not overflow unless all 2**256 token ids are minted to the same owner.
            // Given that tokens are minted one by one, it is impossible in practice that
            // this ever happens. Might change if we allow batch minting.
            // The ERC fails to describe this case.
            _balances[to] += 1;
        }

        _owners[tokenId] = to;

        emit Transfer(address(0), to, tokenId);

        _afterTokenTransfer(address(0), to, tokenId, 1);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `tokenId`.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is burned.
     * This is an internal function that does not check if the sender is authorized to operate on the token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        address owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);

        _beforeTokenTransfer(owner, address(0), tokenId, 1);

        // Update ownership in case tokenId was transferred by `_beforeTokenTransfer` hook
        owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);

        // Clear approvals
        delete _tokenApprovals[tokenId];

        unchecked {
            // Cannot overflow, as that would require more tokens to be burned/transferred
            // out than the owner initially received through minting and transferring in.
            _balances[owner] -= 1;
        }
        delete _owners[tokenId];

        emit Transfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);

        _afterTokenTransfer(owner, address(0), tokenId, 1);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` from `from` to `to`.
     *  As opposed to {transferFrom}, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        require(ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId) == from, "ERC721: transfer from incorrect owner");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: transfer to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId, 1);

        // Check that tokenId was not transferred by `_beforeTokenTransfer` hook
        require(ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId) == from, "ERC721: transfer from incorrect owner");

        // Clear approvals from the previous owner
        delete _tokenApprovals[tokenId];

        unchecked {
            // `_balances[from]` cannot overflow for the same reason as described in `_burn`:
            // `from`'s balance is the number of token held, which is at least one before the current
            // transfer.
            // `_balances[to]` could overflow in the conditions described in `_mint`. That would require
            // all 2**256 token ids to be minted, which in practice is impossible.
            _balances[from] -= 1;
            _balances[to] += 1;
        }
        _owners[tokenId] = to;

        emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);

        _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId, 1);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve `to` to operate on `tokenId`
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function _approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = to;
        emit Approval(ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId), to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve `operator` to operate on all of `owner` tokens
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function _setApprovalForAll(address owner, address operator, bool approved) internal virtual {
        require(owner != operator, "ERC721: approve to caller");
        _operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if the `tokenId` has not been minted yet.
     */
    function _requireMinted(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: invalid token ID");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on a target address.
     * The call is not executed if the target address is not a contract.
     *
     * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
     * @param to target address that will receive the tokens
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param data bytes optional data to send along with the call
     * @return bool whether the call correctly returned the expected magic value
     */
    function _checkOnERC721Received(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes memory data
    ) private returns (bool) {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received(_msgSender(), from, tokenId, data) returns (bytes4 retval) {
                return retval == IERC721Receiver.onERC721Received.selector;
            } catch (bytes memory reason) {
                if (reason.length == 0) {
                    revert("ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
                } else {
                    /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                    assembly {
                        revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting and burning. If {ERC721Consecutive} is
     * used, the hook may be called as part of a consecutive (batch) mint, as indicated by `batchSize` greater than 1.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, ``from``'s tokens will be transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, the tokens will be minted for `to`.
     * - When `to` is zero, ``from``'s tokens will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     * - `batchSize` is non-zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 firstTokenId, uint256 batchSize) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called after any token transfer. This includes minting and burning. If {ERC721Consecutive} is
     * used, the hook may be called as part of a consecutive (batch) mint, as indicated by `batchSize` greater than 1.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, ``from``'s tokens were transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, the tokens were minted for `to`.
     * - When `to` is zero, ``from``'s tokens were burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     * - `batchSize` is non-zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _afterTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 firstTokenId, uint256 batchSize) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Unsafe write access to the balances, used by extensions that "mint" tokens using an {ownerOf} override.
     *
     * WARNING: Anyone calling this MUST ensure that the balances remain consistent with the ownership. The invariant
     * being that for any address `a` the value returned by `balanceOf(a)` must be equal to the number of tokens such
     * that `ownerOf(tokenId)` is `a`.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __unsafe_increaseBalance(address account, uint256 amount) internal {
        _balances[account] += amount;
    }
}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

error SenderIsNotNativeToken(address msgSender, address nativeToken);
error Unauthorised(address msgSender);
error UnsupportedOperation();

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.20;

bytes32 constant EMERGENCY_BREAK_ROLE = keccak256("EMERGENCY_BREAK");
bytes32 constant OPERATOR_ROLE = keccak256("OPERATOR");
bytes32 constant CONTANGO_ROLE = keccak256("CONTANGO");
bytes32 constant BOT_ROLE = keccak256("BOT");
bytes32 constant MINTER_ROLE = keccak256("MINTER");
bytes32 constant MODIFIER_ROLE = keccak256("MODIFIER");

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import "../libraries/DataTypes.sol";

interface IFeeModel {

    /// @notice Calculates fees for a given trade
    /// @param trader The trade trader
    /// @param positionId The trade position id
    /// @param quantity The trade quantity
    /// @return calculatedFee The calculated fee of the trade cost
    function calculateFee(address trader, PositionId positionId, uint256 quantity) external view returns (uint256 calculatedFee);

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import "../libraries/DataTypes.sol";

struct FeeDistribution {
    uint256 protocol;
    uint256 referrer;
    uint256 trader;
    address referrerAddress;
}

interface IReferralManagerEvents {

    event RewardsAndRebatesSet(uint256 referrerReward, uint256 traderRebate);
    event ReferralCodeRegistered(address indexed referrer, bytes32 referralCode);
    event TraderReferred(address indexed trader, address indexed referrer, bytes32 indexed referralCode);

}

interface IReferralManager is IReferralManagerEvents {

    error ReferralCodeInvalid(bytes32 code); // 0x66f70111
    error ReferralCodeAlreadySet(bytes32 code); // 0xb7f957d0
    error ReferralCodeUnavailable(bytes32 code); // 0x244fbb46
    error ReferralCodeNotRegistered(bytes32 code); // 0x7b85b5e5
    error CannotSelfRefer(); // 0xd1affa92
    error RewardsConfigCannotExceedMax(); // 0xd483d656

    // @notice Sets the rewards and rebates for referrals
    // @param referrerReward The percentage of fees to reward the referrer
    // @param traderRebate The percentage of fees to rebate the trader
    // @dev The sum of referrerReward and traderRebate cannot exceed 100%
    // @dev The precision of the rewards and rebates is 1e4 == 100%
    function setRewardsAndRebates(uint256 referrerReward, uint256 traderRebate) external;

    // @notice Checks if a referral code is available
    // @param code The referral code to check
    function isCodeAvailable(bytes32 code) external view returns (bool);

    // @notice Registers a referral code for the caller
    // @param code The referral code to register
    function registerReferralCode(bytes32 code) external;

    // @notice Sets the referrer for the caller
    // @param code The referral code to use
    function setTraderReferralByCode(bytes32 code) external;

    // @notice Sets the referrer for a given address
    // @param code The referral code to use
    // @param trader The trader to set the referrer for
    function setTraderReferralByCodeForAddress(bytes32 code, address trader) external;

    // @notice Determines the distribution for a given amount to the protocol, referrer, and trader
    // @param trader The trader used to lookup the referrer
    // @param amount The amount to distribute
    function calculateRewardDistribution(address trader, uint256 amount) external view returns (FeeDistribution memory);

}

//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import { IERC20Metadata as IERC20 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

import { PositionId, MoneyMarketId } from "../../libraries/DataTypes.sol";

interface IMoneyMarket is IERC165 {

    error InvalidMoneyMarketId();
    error RewardsNotImplemented();

    /// @dev indicates whether the money market requires an underlying account to be created
    /// if true, the money market must be cloned to create an underlying position
    /// otherwise the money market can be used directly as it know how to isolate positions
    function NEEDS_ACCOUNT() external view returns (bool);

    function moneyMarketId() external view returns (MoneyMarketId);

    function initialise(PositionId positionId, IERC20 collateralAsset, IERC20 debtAsset) external;

    function lend(PositionId positionId, IERC20 asset, uint256 amount) external returns (uint256 actualAmount);

    function withdraw(PositionId positionId, IERC20 asset, uint256 amount, address to) external returns (uint256 actualAmount);

    function borrow(PositionId positionId, IERC20 asset, uint256 amount, address to) external returns (uint256 actualAmount);

    function repay(PositionId positionId, IERC20 asset, uint256 amount) external returns (uint256 actualAmount);

    function claimRewards(PositionId positionId, IERC20 collateralAsset, IERC20 debtAsset, address to) external;

    function collateralBalance(PositionId positionId, IERC20 asset) external returns (uint256 balance);

}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC721 compliant contract.
 */
interface IERC721 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of tokens in ``owner``'s account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes calldata data) external;

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
     * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been allowed to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: Note that the caller is responsible to confirm that the recipient is capable of receiving ERC721
     * or else they may be permanently lost. Usage of {safeTransferFrom} prevents loss, though the caller must
     * understand this adds an external call which potentially creates a reentrancy vulnerability.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
     *
     * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the zero address clears previous approvals.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
     * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom} for any token owned by the caller.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The `operator` cannot be the caller.
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC721.sol";

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
interface IERC721Metadata is IERC721 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection name.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection symbol.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for `tokenId` token.
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);
}

{
  "remappings": [
    "@openzeppelin/contracts/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/",
    "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable/contracts/",
    "forge-std/=lib/forge-std/src/",
    "forge-gas-snapshot/=lib/forge-gas-snapshot/src/",
    "erc7399/=lib/erc7399/src/",
    "erc7399-wrappers/=lib/erc7399-wrappers/src/",
    "@prb/math/=lib/prb-math/",
    "@contango/erc721Permit2/=lib/erc721-permit2/src/",
    "@prb/test/=lib/prb-math/lib/prb-test/src/",
    "ds-test/=lib/prb-math/lib/forge-std/lib/ds-test/src/",
    "erc4626-tests/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable/lib/erc4626-tests/",
    "erc721-permit2/=lib/erc721-permit2/",
    "openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable/",
    "openzeppelin-contracts/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts/",
    "openzeppelin/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable/contracts/",
    "prb-math/=lib/prb-math/src/",
    "prb-test/=lib/prb-math/lib/prb-test/src/"
  ],
  "optimizer": {
    "enabled": true,
    "runs": 200
  },
  "metadata": {
    "useLiteralContent": false,
    "bytecodeHash": "none",
    "appendCBOR": false
  },
  "outputSelection": {
    "*": {
      "*": [
        "evm.bytecode",
        "evm.deployedBytecode",
        "devdoc",
        "userdoc",
        "metadata",
        "abi"
      ]
    }
  },
  "evmVersion": "london",
  "viaIR": false,
  "libraries": {}
}

• No Contract Security Audit Submitted- Submit Audit Here

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IERC20Metadata","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"}],"name":"retrieveFromVault","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address payable","name":"to","type":"address"}],"name":"retrieveNative","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"role","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"revokeRole","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"spotExecutor","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract SimpleSpotExecutor","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes4","name":"interfaceId","type":"bytes4"}],"name":"supportsInterface","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"vault","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract IVault","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"stateMutability":"payable","type":"receive"}]

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000000000000000000000000c0939a4ed0129bc5162f6f693935b3f72a46a90d000000000000000000000000a6a147946facac9e0b99824870b36088764f969f000000000000000000000000e7c3eadc74a090334106cd584b074e5bc220f80e000000000000000000000000e03835dfae2644f37049c1fef13e8ced6b1bb72a

-----Decoded View---------------
Arg [0] : timelock (address): 0xc0939a4Ed0129bc5162F6f693935B3F72a46a90D
Arg [1] : _maestro (address): 0xa6a147946FACAc9E0B99824870B36088764f969F
Arg [2] : _erc721Permit2 (address): 0xE7c3eADC74a090334106cd584B074E5BC220F80e
Arg [3] : _lens (address): 0xe03835Dfae2644F37049c1feF13E8ceD6b1Bb72a

-----Encoded View---------------
4 Constructor Arguments found :
Arg [0] : 000000000000000000000000c0939a4ed0129bc5162f6f693935b3f72a46a90d
Arg [1] : 000000000000000000000000a6a147946facac9e0b99824870b36088764f969f
Arg [2] : 000000000000000000000000e7c3eadc74a090334106cd584b074e5bc220f80e
Arg [3] : 000000000000000000000000e03835dfae2644f37049c1fef13e8ced6b1bb72a